Police officers under attack: Resilience implications of an fMRI study

Peres, Julio F. P.; Foerster, Bernd; Santana, Leandro G.; Fereira, Mauricio Domingues; Nasello, Antonia G.; Savóia, Mariângela Gentil; Moreira‐Almeida, Alexander; Lederman, Henrique

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.11.004

Cited by 87 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The first pattern of sympathetic excitability involved attenuation of medial-prefrontal cortex activity and heightened amygdala activity leading to continuous autonomic arousal and state of alert. The second pattern (dissociative) showed heightened activity of the medialprefrontal cortex resulting in inhibition of amygdala activity, blunting the sympathetic response and leading to emotional numbing (Peres et al, 2011).…”

Section: Subtype IImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resilient individuals reported fewer posttraumatic symptoms after combat and showed greater ability to optimize emotional functioning through the use of alternative cognitive strategies (Bonanno et al, 2004;Florian et al, 1995). Neuroscientists have yet to comprehensively research this field (Peres et al, 2011). Examining neural mechanisms underlying psychological trauma or resilience is difficult given the heterogeneous symptoms and peculiarities of traumatic memories (key symptoms of PTSD).…”

Section: Neuroimaging Studies Of Sufferers Of Traumatic Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last ten years, however, neuroimaging research has yielded important information on heightened amygdala responsivity in PTSD patients during symptomatic states, and has found that medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) responsivity is inversely associated with PTSD-symptom severity (Shin et al, 2006). Nevertheless, the directionality of the PFC to amygdala-activity correlation has been inconsistent: negative in PTSD cases but positive in controls, suggesting coupling only in psychopathology (Shin et al, 2005;2011).…”

Section: Neuroimaging Studies Of Sufferers Of Traumatic Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How people process stressors may be critical in determining whether or not trauma will be experienced, as well as the different constellation of symptoms if traumatization is characterized. A single traumatic event can be processed in very different ways by individuals who experienced the same traumatic episode 2011). The psychopathological signs of trauma are not static over time, nor is the form of the expression of traumatic memories.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The psychopathological signs of trauma are not static over time, nor is the form of the expression of traumatic memories. This fluidity is a consequence of the sensitization that is driven by reminders of the traumatic event and the vulnerability of memory to being modified with repeated recall 2011). The sensitization of neural pathways involved in this reactivity is central to understanding the neurobiology of PTSD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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PTSD, Neuroimaging and Psychotherapy: A Fruitful Encounter

Peres¹

2011

Neuroimaging for Clinicians - Combining Research and Practice

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Section: Subtype IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neuroimaging Studies Of Sufferers Of Traumatic Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neuroimaging Studies Of Sufferers Of Traumatic Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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PTSD, Neuroimaging and Psychotherapy: A Fruitful Encounter

Peres¹

2011

Neuroimaging for Clinicians - Combining Research and Practice

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Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Change

Zoellner¹,

Jerud²,

Marks³

et al. 2017

Treatments for Psychological Problems and Syndromes

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Multi‐voxel pattern analysis of amygdala functional connectivity at rest predicts variability in posttraumatic stress severity

et al. 2020

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Introduction Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) studies demonstrate that individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit atypical functional connectivity (FC) between the amygdala, involved in the generation of emotion, and regions responsible for emotional appraisal (e.g., insula, orbitofrontal cortex [OFC]) and regulation (prefrontal cortex [PFC], anterior cingulate cortex). Consequently, atypical amygdala FC within an emotional processing and regulation network may be a defining feature of PTSD, although altered FC does not seem constrained to one brain region. Instead, altered amygdala FC involves a large, distributed brain network in those with PTSD. The present study used a machine‐learning data‐driven approach, multi‐voxel pattern analysis (MVPA), to predict PTSD severity based on whole‐brain patterns of amygdala FC. Methods Trauma‐exposed adults ( N = 90) completed the PTSD Checklist‐Civilian Version to assess symptoms and a 5‐min rsfMRI. Whole‐brain FC values to bilateral amygdala were extracted and used in a relevance vector regression analysis with a leave‐one‐out approach for cross‐validation with permutation testing (1,000) to obtain significance values. Results Results demonstrated that amygdala FC predicted PCL‐C scores with statistically significant accuracy ( r = .46, p = .001; mean sum of squares = 130.46, p = .001; R 2 = 0.21, p = .001). Prediction was based on whole‐brain amygdala FC, although regions that informed prediction (top 10%) included the OFC, amygdala, and dorsolateral PFC. Conclusion Findings demonstrate the utility of MVPA based on amygdala FC to predict individual severity of PTSD symptoms and that amygdala FC within a fear acquisition and regulation network contributed to accurate prediction.

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Police officers under attack: Resilience implications of an fMRI study

Cited by 87 publications

References 43 publications

PTSD, Neuroimaging and Psychotherapy: A Fruitful Encounter

PTSD, Neuroimaging and Psychotherapy: A Fruitful Encounter

Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Change

Multi‐voxel pattern analysis of amygdala functional connectivity at rest predicts variability in posttraumatic stress severity

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