Police legitimacy: identifying developmental trends and whether youths’ perceptions can be changed

Fine, Adam; Padilla, Kathleen E.; Tom, Kelsey E.

doi:10.1007/s11292-020-09438-7

Cited by 32 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Black, Latino/a, or self-identified as 'Other), were born in the U.S. and reported prior criminal involvement held more negative views of the police. These findings are supported by a large body of work that has found similar results among racial/ethnic minority groups (Nadal et al, 2017;Skogan, 2005;Tyler, 2005;Weitzer & Tuch, 2004), individuals who are U.S. born (Correia, 2010;Rengifo & Fratello, 2015;Rengifo & Slocum, 2020), and among individuals with prior criminal involvement (Tyler et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Police Violence and Associations With Public Perceptions of the Police

Jackson

Fedina

DeVylder

et al. 2021

Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research

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Objective: Police violence (PV) continues to be of national and global concern. A rich body of empirical work on PV focuses on its prevalence, those who are most at risk, associated mental health effects, and frequently include all male samples. Examining PV also tends to rely on narrow measurements that only focus on physical force or fatal encounters as opposed to specific forms of PV. Our study examined these gaps in knowledge by exploring more explicit forms of PV (e.g. police neglect, psychological, physical, and sexual violence perpetrated by the police) to examine whether these forms of PV were related to perceptions of the police (e.g. police legitimacy/trust, police effectiveness, and satisfaction with police performance). Method: We used data collected from the 2017 Survey of Police-Public Encounters, a cross-sectional, demographically representative survey of adults residing in Baltimore and New York City (N = 1,000). Lifetime PV exposure is assessed using the Police Practices Inventory (PPI), which includes indicators assessing more detailed forms of PV. Results: Linear regression results indicated that most forms of PV were significantly and inversely associated with police perceptions. Individuals exposed to PV who were younger, female, had lower levels of education and income, identified as a racial/ethnic minority, and were U.S. born held more negative police perceptions. Conclusions: Findings contribute by providing more contextual insight into the ways exposure to specific types of PV influenced how the police were perceived and how those perspectives varied across a range of demographic factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Police Violence and Associations With Public Perceptions of the Police

Jackson

Fedina

DeVylder

et al. 2021

Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research

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“…Much of the research examining perceptions of and attitudes toward police by race/ethnicity has focused on adult samples, with less focus on youth. Although studies in this growing area of research have produced some contradictory results: that black and/or Hispanic youth view police less favorably than white youth (Fine, Donley, et al, 2020; Fine, Padilla, et al, 2020; Slocum & Wiley, 2018; Wu et al, 2015; Zhang et al, 2020), that Hispanic youth view the police similar to white youth (Romain & Hassell, 2014), that race/ethnicity has no impact on perceptions of police (Friedman et al, 2014; Hurst et al, 2000), or that while black youth are more likely than Latino youth to have police encounters, Latino youth are more likely to react negatively to those encounters than black youth (Hagan et al, 2005). Thus, further research is needed to explore youth attitudes toward police by race/ethnicity.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial research on perceptions of and attitudes toward police has shown consistent variation in attitudes across demographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, and race/ethnicity; Fine, Donley, et al, 2020; Murphy, 2015), individual experiences (e.g., type of police encounter and nature of police stop; Harris & Jones, 2020; Lim & Lee, 2021), and neighborhood contexts (Brunson & Weitzer, 2009; Taylor et al, 2015). For example, compared to adults, youth attitudes toward police tend to be more negative (Hurst & Frank, 2000), with the levels of negativity increasing during late adolescence (Fagan & Tyler, 2005; Fine, Padilla, et al, 2020). Moreover, black youth tend to be less supporting and less trusting of police than their white counterparts (Fine, Donley, et al, 2020; Fine Padilla, et al, 2020; Sanden & Wentz, 2017; Slocum & Wiley, 2018; Zhang et al, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, compared to adults, youth attitudes toward police tend to be more negative (Hurst & Frank, 2000), with the levels of negativity increasing during late adolescence (Fagan & Tyler, 2005; Fine, Padilla, et al, 2020). Moreover, black youth tend to be less supporting and less trusting of police than their white counterparts (Fine, Donley, et al, 2020; Fine Padilla, et al, 2020; Sanden & Wentz, 2017; Slocum & Wiley, 2018; Zhang et al, 2020). Furthermore, while less scholars have examined Hispanic youth attitudes toward police, studies have shown that their perceptions of police are generally lower than that of white youth, but higher than that of black youth (Rengifo & McCallin, 2017; Slocum & Wiley, 2018; Wu et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Race and Ethnicity Differences in Police Contact and Perceptions of and Attitudes Toward the Police Among Youth

Foster

Jones

Pierce

2022

Criminal Justice and Behavior

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While investigations examining the effects of direct and vicarious police stops on youth attitudes toward the police have been limited, even less research has explored how these processes vary by race/ethnicity. Thus, this study uses the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS) to examine how race/ethnicity shapes: (1) the relationship between direct and vicarious police stops and youth attitudes toward police and (2) how the contextual nature of these stops (intrusiveness) influence youth perceptions of police. The results suggest that direct and/or vicarious police contact can generate negative attitudes toward police among black, Hispanic, and in some cases, white youth, though these effects vary across type of police stop and type of attitude. When a direct stop involved more officer intrusiveness, black youth reported less respect and more negative perceptions of procedural justice. As such, policymakers and criminologists should consider how race/ethnicity influences youth attitudinal responses to police encounters.

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“…Possible implications for theory are also inherently intertwined with practical implications for youth, who are still forming their impressions of legal authorities. After all, if legitimacy perceptions stem from a variety of sources, there is potential for the role of early intervention in improving such views (Fine, Padilla et al, 2020). This points to the need for more longitudinal research that examines whether initial improvements in legitimacy perceptions-whether known to be the result of school-based interventions, other social institutions, or personal experiences-are sustainable over longer segments of the life course than the time period of the current study.…”

Section: Implications For Practicementioning

confidence: 91%

Perceptions of Legal Authorities in a Longitudinal Study of Adjudicated Youth

Pusch

Holtfreter

McKenna

et al. 2021

J Youth Adolescence

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While perceptions of the legitimacy of formal authority have been found to influence offending, little is known about the extent to which such perceptions influence the related outcome of victimization. This study addressed this gap by examining how changes in legitimacy affected victimization both within-and between-individuals. This study used 7 waves of the Pathways to Desistance data (n = 1310; 13.85% female; age range 14-22). Youth who have committed serious offenses were surveyed at 6-month intervals during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood. In the full sample, the effects of legitimacy on both victimization and offending remained largely stable over time within individuals. Sensitivity analyses revealed that more positive perceptions of legitimacy significantly reduce offending for boys and reduce victimization for girls during the developmental period under study. Consistent with prior research, between-individual differences appear to be more important than within-individual change for explaining both offending and victimization. The implications of the results for theory, future research, and early intervention for high-risk youth are discussed.

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Police legitimacy: identifying developmental trends and whether youths’ perceptions can be changed

Cited by 32 publications

References 85 publications

Police Violence and Associations With Public Perceptions of the Police

Police Violence and Associations With Public Perceptions of the Police

Race and Ethnicity Differences in Police Contact and Perceptions of and Attitudes Toward the Police Among Youth

Perceptions of Legal Authorities in a Longitudinal Study of Adjudicated Youth

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