“…Of particular note over the past fifty years has been the spectacular growth in laws and procedures to render the police accountable for their policies, practices, acts and decisions [9,14,45,70,75,111,117,154,142,160,218,248]. Accountability in this context, and for the purposes of this collection of essays as a whole, is being used loosely to encompass all procedures and methods which can be deployed to render an individual police officer, and the police authority as whole, answerable to another person or body whether that person or body is located inside or outside the police force in question.…”