Polarographic Study of the Complex Ions of Tin in Fluoride Solutions¹

On the Properties of Fluoride Solutions Used for Topical Treatment and Mouth Rinse

“…2.20 [Bates and Acree, 1943); HF, pK 3.45 [Weast, 1976]; SnOH*, pK 3.9 [Tobias, 1958]; S n,(O H );\ pK 4.4 [ Tobias, 1958]; S n,(O H );\ pK 6.8 [Tobias, 1958]; SnF*, pK -4.8 [Connick and Paul, 1961]; SnFj, pK -9.9 [Schaap et al, 1954].…”

Physico-chemical characterisation of99mTc-tin fluoride colloid agent used for labelling white cells

“…The ionic species SnF 3 À , SnF + and Sn 2 F 5 À are known to exist in a solution of stannous fluoride dissolved in a molar excess of fluoride ions, 17 and they would be expected to form after a combination of the LWC Kit reagents. However there was no reaction between the contents of vial B and 18 F À , indicating fluoride ions do not comprise the tin fluoride colloid matrix, and that sodium fluoride in vial A during the standard procedure provides sodium cations for the particle surface.…”

Fluorine ion induced phase evolution of tin-based perovskite thin films: structure and properties

“…the lone pair of 5s electrons of tin(II) and three pairs of electrons, shared unequally with the uorine ions, occupied on the most stable conguration sp 3 hybridization orbits. 17 Researchers and experiments have shown that the tolerance factors of the stable perovskite materials should be between 0.78-1.05, 18 in which the tolerance factor, t ¼ (R A + R X )/O2(R B + R X ). In the formula, R A is the radius of monovalent cation, R B , the radius of divalent metal cations and R X , the radius of the halide ion.…”

“…the lone pair of 5s electrons of tin( ii ) and three pairs of electrons, shared unequally with the fluorine ions, occupied on the most stable configuration sp 3 hybridization orbits. 17 …”