Con c 1 us i o nOur theoretical method shows that it is quite possible that an oxygen or a nitrogen molecule would have a small but measurable stabilizing effect on a local water structure. This stabilization is due to a slightly increased polarization of the water molecules. The advantage of an oxygen or a nitrogen molecule over a non-hydrogen-bonded water molecule could be that this polarization can take place without any repulsive electrostatic interaction between the interstitial molecule and the surrounding water structure.Abstract: Molecular orbital studies of proton affinities of amino, hydroxyl, and fluoro groups predict that the pro-