Polarization mode converter with polyimide half waveplate in silica-based planar lightwave circuits

Inoue, Y.; Ohmori, Y.; Kawachi, M.; Ando, Shinji; Sawada, Takashi; Takahashi, Hiroshi

doi:10.1109/68.285561

Cited by 104 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As a consequence TE-and TM-polarized input signals will experience the same phase transfer regardless of the birefringence properties of the waveguides applied. This method was proposed by Takahashi et al [89] and using polyimide halfwave plates it has been successfully applied to silica-based [33], [50] and LiNbO -based devices [53], [54].…”

Section: Design For Polarization Independencementioning

confidence: 99%

PHASAR-based WDM-devices: Principles, design and applications

Smit

Dam

1996

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

788

314

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Section: Design For Polarization Independencementioning

confidence: 99%

PHASAR-based WDM-devices: Principles, design and applications

Smit

Dam

1996

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

788

314

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“…그러나 배열형 도파로 격자는 제작 공정 중 필름에 인가되는 스트레스로 인한 복굴절성으로 인해 편 광의존성이 생긴다 [1][2] . 이러한 편광의존성을 줄이기 위하여 폴리이미드 필름으로 만들어진 반파장판(half waveplate)을 광도 파로의 중앙에 삽입하여 편광변환을 일으키는 방법이 이용되 고 있다 [3] . 폴리이미드 필름에 복굴절성을 인가하여 반파장판 을 제작하기 위해서는 편광변환 상태를 실시간으로 모니터링 하면서 필름에 스트레인을 인가하는 방법을 사용한다.…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Integrated Optical Wave Plates Fabricated by Incorporating Reactive Mesogen in Polymer Waveguide

Do¹,

Chu²,

2011

Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics

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Integrated optical waveguide polarization converters are among the essential components for constructing various functional optical integrated circuits. The RM materials have been widely used in liquid crystal displays for fabricating waveplates. In this work, the polarization converters are fabricated by using a solution of Reactive Mesogen(RM) dissolved in liquid crystal(LC). In the middle of the polymer waveguide, a groove is defined by an oxygen plasma etching in a direction perpendicular to the optical waveguide. The solution of RM-LC is inserted to fill up the groove, and then liquid crystal is aligned in a certain direction by applying an electric field. After the alignment, RM materal is crosslinked by UV light so as to form a permanent waveplate. The phase retardation of the waveplate is determined by the width of the groove, and by the birefringence and the degree of alignment of the LC. Polarization conversion efficiency of 90% is obtained for the wavelength of 1550 nm.

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“…The polarization dependence of this device can be eliminated using a mode converter scheme (Inoue et al, 1994), which also makes it attractive for use as a wavelength router in optical N×N interconnection systems. According to the Wavelength Cyclic Property (WCP) provided by the AWG (Kaneko et al, 1999), if m identical aggregations (λ1 to λn) enter the N input ports of an N×N AWG, where m = n = N, they will be distributed among its output ports with no overlap, i.e., each wavelength is included once in each input port and once in each output port.…”

Section: Crosstalk In An N× × × ×N Awgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Analysis of In-Band Crosstalk, Out-of-Band Crosstalk and GVD-Based Power Penalties in DWDM and TDM/DWDM-PONS

Mohamed

Ab-Rahman

2015

Journal of Computer Science

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In addition to the ever-increasing demand for broader bandwidth per user, which results from the continuous development of new bandwidthhungry services and applications, the consequent upgrade from the currently deployed Time-Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Networks (TDMPONs) to Next-Generation Optical Access Networks (NG-OANs) has become inevitable. Different architectures for creating a NG-OAN have been proposed in the literature. Among those architectures, the DWDM and TDM/DWDM-Based OANs are very promising candidates. They were mainly proposed to exploit the large wavelength counts available in the fibre (its virtual unlimited bandwidth) to achieve a significant increase in the system capacity. Moreover, they allow coexistence in an open access environment among different network operators. In this study, we first analyze the impact of in-band crosstalk, out-of-band crosstalk to evaluate the performance of the Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG). The reason to focus on the AWG is due to this optical device is used almost in all DWDM and TDM/WDM-PONs. We then turn our attention to analyze the impact of group velocity dispersion GVD to estimate the maximum allowable bit rate for optical transmission without the need for using a Dispersion Management Technique (DMT) and/or a Forward Error Correction Technique (FECT). The analysis was performed using Matlab software (The Math works, Inc., Natick, MA, USA) and confirms that the in-band crosstalk has a stronger effect than the out-of-band crosstalk because its noise floor is reached at a lower crosstalk noise and with fewer crosstalk components. The in-band crosstalk noise should be kept below -37 dB and -34 dB to maintain a power penalty of less than 1 dB if 15 and 7 in-band crosstalk components are considered, respectively. The out-of-band crosstalk noise should be kept below -20.3 dB and -17.18 dB to maintain a power penalty of less than 1 dB if 240 and 56 out-of-band crosstalk components are considered, respectively. It was observed that the GVD noise floor is reached at a shorter fiber length as the bit rate increases and it was confirmed that a significant improvement in which the GVD noise floor is reached at longer fiber can be achieved if an externally modulated, small spectral-width source is used when a bit rate of 622 Mbps, 1 Gps, or 2.5 Gbps is used. However, a dispersion management technique becomes necessary if the bit rate increases to 10 Gbps or more.

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Polarization mode converter with polyimide half waveplate in silica-based planar lightwave circuits

Cited by 104 publications

References 5 publications

PHASAR-based WDM-devices: Principles, design and applications

PHASAR-based WDM-devices: Principles, design and applications

Integrated Optical Wave Plates Fabricated by Incorporating Reactive Mesogen in Polymer Waveguide

Analytical Analysis of In-Band Crosstalk, Out-of-Band Crosstalk and GVD-Based Power Penalties in DWDM and TDM/DWDM-PONS

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