Polarization manipulation on step-index composite polymer couplers for photonics circuitry

Abstract

In this research, a high-performance, polymer-based step-index composite coupler is designed and analyzed for integrated circuit applications, as it provides a critical tool for controlling the polarization of light, which is essential for a range of applications in optical communication systems. We examine the organic-inorganic hybrid polymer materials used to create the polymer-based composite beam splitter (CBS) at a 1.55 m wavelength with a step-index (SI) profile. We used the beam propagation and alternating direction implicit technique to develop and analyze the coupler. Our findings demonstrate that the suggested coupler successfully manipulates and analyzes its polarization dependency to attain a 99% output efficiency for the 50:50 splitting ratio utilizing a step-index (SI) profile. We enhanced the input intensity by about 56% for the SI profile with a 0.158 numerical aperture and a 31° input light angle. Additionally, the full width at half maximum was 4.67 and 7.74 degrees for φ=0 and 90 degrees, respectively. Without any polarization impact, we saw an excess loss of 0.014 dB, which rose to roughly 2 dB after polarization, and then fell to 0.05 dB at a 31-degree angle. Similar to the crosstalk, which was -25.06 dB without any polarization and changed to -19.77 dB at a 31-degree angle after polarization.