Polarization correction in dual-polarized phased arrays of flared notches

Kindt, Rick W.; Taylor, Douglas

doi:10.1109/aps.2011.5996888

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Calibration procedures incorporating excitation re-weighted feeding schemes have been investigated to create cross-polarization nulls at desired scan angles and frequencies for dual-polarized Vivaldi array configurations [69]. The procedure is virtually the same as to that which was discussed in Sections The interested reader can find a more detailed discussion on these procedures and design examples in Appendix A.…”

Section: Vivaldi (Flared-notch or Tapered-slot) Arraysmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A correctional procedure incorporating appropriate calibration and excitation re-weighted feeding schemes has been investigated to create cross-polarization nulls at desired scan angles and frequencies for dual-polarized Vivaldi array configurations [69]. This is a less general case of the calibration procedures that have been used in passive sensing systems (and optics) employing dual-polarized polarimeters [29,30] (as discussed in Section ) and the necessary calibrated excitations…”

Section: Appendix a Polarization Correction On Dual-polarized Vivaldimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has been mainly pursued by using appropriate calibration and look-up-table (LUT) based array excitation re-weighted feeding schemes [69], but these types of remedies are particularly prone to calibration errors, timeconsuming, inherently narrowband, applicable only to dual-polarized configurations, deteriorate side lobe cross-polarization, and offer limited correction that often does not meet system needs. It is highlighted that this is a general "software-based" approach in the sense that any array, low or high profile, can be calibrated to improve its polarization performance.…”

Section: Summary Of Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been pointed out or implied over the past decade that the high-profile of Vivaldi elements supports harmful vertical currents which consequently have adverse effects on polarization in the non-principal planes [24,66,67,69]; this observation motivated the design of several successful low-profile arrays discussed in Chapter 1 whose polarization properties ideally approximate that of a planar element i.e. they are dependent only upon scan angle and reach the aperture projection limit on the far-zone sphere via (2.5) when ρ vivn is zero and no vertical currents exist.…”

Section: Unit Cell Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far no low-profile technology has yet to demonstrate the quality of high-efficiency (low-loss) wideband wide-scan impedance matching of Vivaldi arrays. Additionally, polarization calibration procedures are routinely used to correct polarization using external re-weighted feeding schemes to implement some degree of correction in Vivaldi arrays [69], but these types of remedies are restricted to dual-polarized arrangements, narrowband waveforms, correction only narrowly around the main beam, raise side lobe cross-polarization levels, and are prone to error from system noise and tolerancing issues. Despite known weaknesses, Vivaldi arrays still continue to see widespread use and directly fixing their polarization drawbacks could provide measurable benefits for legacy and future UWB-ESA systems utilizing such arrays; the proposed SNA array introduced in Chapter 3 pursues this route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low Cross-Polarization Vivaldi Arrays

Logan

Kindt

Vouvakis

2018

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTSI would like to begin by extending my gratitude for having the opportunity and privilege to study under the guidance of my advisor, Prof. Marinos Vouvakis, over the course of five years for my Master's and PhD research. His energy, drive, and motivation to not only teach but also to stimulate critical thinking, to invoke a practical mindset, and to create with meaning have left me with invaluable principles. I am indebted to him for challenging me and his endless patience and support throughout this research.I'd like to also thank Prof. Do-Hoon Kwon and Prof. Gopal Narayanan for serving on my dissertation committee and providing many insightful comments and support.I would like to additionally extend my gratitude to Prof. Robert Jackson, Prof.Paul Siqueira, and Prof. Joseph Bardin for serving on my research qualifying exam committee. Also, although I never had the pleasure of having him as a professor at UMass, I'd like to thank Prof. Dan Schaubert for taking the time to inadvertently introduce Vivaldi arrays to a curious kid at a phased array conference nearly six years ago; likewise thanks to Prof. Jorge Salazar for seeing some potential in that kid to encourage him to apply for graduate study at UMass. I appreciate it greatly. Ultra-wideband (UWB) electronically scanned arrays (ESA) with high efficiency, excellent polarization agility, and wide-scan matching remain essential for servicing multifunctional RF front-ends and other communications, sensing, and jamming or countermeasure systems. To this day, the most popular antenna array element in modern UWB-ESA systems is the Vivaldi, or flared notch, due to its superior widescan wide impedance bandwidth, well-known design guidelines, and practical embodiment versatility. Despite their popularity, these arrays tend to radiate unacceptably high cross-polarization levels, thus encouraging a great research opportunity.This dissertation presents the theory and design of a new class of UWB-ESAs, termed Sliced Notch Antenna (SNA) arrays, that remedy the high cross-polarization problems in Vivaldi arrays while maintaining their desirable impedance performance.The critical enabling insight of this work lays in revealing the nature of polarization viii purity or cross-polarization ratio (CPR) degradation in Vivaldi arrays to arise from a highly imbalanced ratio of longitudinal and transverse currents within the element.This work introduces a novel design strategy that intrinsically balances these currents over a UWB operating band, achieving decade-order (10:1) bandwidths and low cross-polarization. Moreover, the design approach is simple, intuitive, and can be implemented in a manner that does not inflate cost expenditures. In fact, the proposed topology can facilitate significantly reduced costs and manufacturing times

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Section: Vivaldi (Flared-notch or Tapered-slot) Arraysmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Appendix a Polarization Correction On Dual-polarized Vivaldimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary Of Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unit Cell Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low Cross-Polarization Vivaldi Arrays

Logan

Kindt

Vouvakis

2018

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Ultra‐wideband frequency selective surface based tightly coupled dipole array with integrated balun

Wang

Yuan

Wang

et al. 2023

Electronics Letters

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An ultra-wideband and wide-scan tightly coupled dipoles array based on frequency selective surface (FSS) is proposed, and the traditional wide-angle scan impedance matching dielectric layer is replaced by FSS with printed metal strips to achieve the tuning of the scanning impedance of the array. Additionally, the metal strip FSS, dipole radiating elements and feeding structure are all printed on the same printed circuit board, and the whole design is highly integrated. Finally, a low-cost lightweight single-polarization tightly coupled antenna array with ultra-wide band and wide scan performance is presented. Subject to the criterion of active Voltage standing Wave ratio(VSWR) < 3, beam scanning coverage of ±45°along E plane, H plane and D plane can be accomplished within the frequency band range across 0.4-2 GHz. An array prototype was produced and tested, and the results showed that the effectiveness of the design was well validated.

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Wide band wide scan low cross‐polarised grooved tapered slot antenna array

Kedar

2018

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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The present study proposes a new geometry of tapered slot antenna (TSA), called as a grooved TSA (GTSA). The antenna is designed to operate in L-band for phased array applications. The topology of TSA's fins is modified by introducing electrically thin grooves, which split fins into separate sections, electromagnetically coupled to each other. The motive behind this modification is to reduce high cross-polarisation (x-pol) level in the radiation pattern of TSAs by altering the flow of surface currents intelligently. The design and optimisation are done using commercial FEM solver, HFSS. Furthermore, an embedded performance of GTSA in 7 × 7 elements array is presented. The mutual coupling between the array elements is minimised by the introduction of metallic baffles parallel to H-plane. GTSA demonstrates a fractional bandwidth of 0.58 illustrating a reflection coefficient <−10 dB, half power beam width not less than 120° and 90° in E-and H-planes, respectively. It demonstrates an xpol level <−20 dB at the extreme scan angles (up to 60°) from the broad side. The GTSA array demonstrates a wide scan performance up to 60° from the broad side. The present work is extremely useful in the realisation of active-phased array radars.

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Polarization correction in dual-polarized phased arrays of flared notches

Cited by 32 publications

References 3 publications

Low Cross-Polarization Vivaldi Arrays

Low Cross-Polarization Vivaldi Arrays

Ultra‐wideband frequency selective surface based tightly coupled dipole array with integrated balun

Wide band wide scan low cross‐polarised grooved tapered slot antenna array

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