Polarity-Driven Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring the Perturbation in Lipid Droplet Levels during Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Acute Pancreatitis

Lipid metabolism diseases have become a tremendous risk worldwide, along with the development of productivity and particular attention to public health. It has been an urgent necessity to exploit reliable imaging strategies for lipids and thus to monitor fatty liver diseases. Herein, by converting the NIR-I signal to the NIR-II signal with IR1061 for the monitoring of lipid, the in vivo imaging of fatty liver disease was promoted on the contrast and visual effect. The main advantages of the imaging promotion in this work included a long emission wavelength, rapid response, and high signal-background-ratio (SBR) value. After promoting the NIR-I signal to NIR-II signal, IR1061 achieved higher SBR value and exhibited a dose-dependent fluorescence intensity at 1100 nm along with the increase of the EtOH proportion as well as steady and selective optical responses toward liposomes. IR1061 was further applied in the in vivo imaging of lipid in fatty liver diseases. In spite of the differences in body weight gain and TC level between healthy mice and fatty liver diseases two models, IR1061 achieved high-resolution imaging in the liver region to monitor the fatty liver disease status. This work might be informatic for the clinical diagnosis and therapeutical treatments of fatty liver diseases.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting In Vivo NIR-II Fluorescent Imaging for Lipid in Lipid Metabolism Diseases Diagnosis

Wang,

Wen,

Chen

et al. 2024

“…Fluorescent probes are a powerful tool for imaging subcellular structures including the cell membrane because of their high sensitivity and superior spatiotemporal resolution. − Currently, dialkylcarbocyanines, like DiD (Scheme S1), are the main and commercially available cationic fluorescent probes for the cell membrane. − However, they suffer from low brightness and rapid internalization, which are unsuitable for imaging the fine substructures of the cell membrane. Fluorescent wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) conjugates have been recently proposed for staining the cell membrane via binding to glycosyls on the cell surface; nevertheless, this kind of macromolecular WGA conjugate also shows strong affinity for the Golgi apparatus with abundant glycosyls .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphiphilic Rhodamine Fluorescent Probes Combined with Basal Imaging for Fine Structures of the Cell Membrane

He,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Confocal fluorescence imaging of fine structures of the cell membrane is important for understanding their biofunctions but is often neglected due to the lack of an effective method. Herein, we develop new amphiphilic rhodamine fluorescent probe RMGs in combination with basal imaging for this purpose. The probes show high signal-to-noise ratio and brightness and low internalization rate, making them suitable for imaging the fine substructures of the cell membrane. Using the representative probe RMG3, we not only observed the cell pseudopodia and intercellular nanotubes but also monitored the formation of migrasomes in real time. More importantly, in-depth imaging studies on more cell lines revealed for the first time that hepatocellular carcinoma cells secreted much more adherent extracellular vesicles than other cell lines, which might serve as a potential indicator of liver cells. We believe that RMGs may be useful for investigating the fine structures of the cell membrane.

“…As seen from Figures S16–S18, the fluorescence signal of DMPQ-12 did not overlap with that of ER-Blue, further verifying that ER did not disturb the selectivity of DMPQ-12 to mitochondria. The amphiphilic nature of the probe may result in its localization in lipid droplets or lysosomes . Thus, we also conducted colocalization investigations of DMPQ-12 with the commercial lipid droplets probe Lipi-Deep Red (Lipi DR) and the commercial lysosomes probe Lyso Track Deep Red (LTDR), respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Chain Fluorescent Probe for Straightforward and Nondestructive Staining Mitochondria in Fixed Cells and Tissues

Hao,

He,

Wang

et al. 2024

Normally, small-molecule fluorescent probes dependent on the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) are invalid for fixed cells and tissues, which limits their clinical applications when the fixation of pathological specimens is imperative. Given that mitochondrial morphology is closely associated with disease, we developed a longchain mitochondrial probe for fixed cells and tissues, DMPQ-12, by installing a C 12 -alkyl chain into the quinoline moiety. In fixed cells stained with DMPQ-12, filament mitochondria and folded cristae were observed with confocal and structural illumination microscopy, respectively. In titration test with three major phospholipids, DMPQ-12 exhibited a stronger binding force to mitochondria-exclusive cardiolipin, revealing its targeting mechanism. Moreover, mitochondrial morphological changes in the three lesion models were clearly visualized in fixed cells. Finally, by DMPQ-12, three kinds of mitochondria with different morphologies were observed in situ in fixed muscle tissues. This work breaks the conventional concept that organic fluorescent probes only stain mitochondria with normal membrane potentials and opens new avenues for comprehensive mitochondrial investigations in research and clinical settings.