Polariton lasing in high-quality selenide-based micropillars in the strong coupling regime

Klein, Thorsten; Klembt, Sebastian; Durupt, Emilien; Kruse, C.; Hommel, D.; Richard, Maxime

doi:10.1063/1.4928492

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…So far, only one or two out of these three lasing regimes have been reported for a given structure, independently of the material system examined [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] . Thresholds for the onset of photon lasing involving excitons have been reported as two orders of magnitude 11,12,16,18 or a factor two 19,20 greater with respect to that of polariton type.…”

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Triple threshold lasing from a photonic trap in a Te/Se-based optical microcavity

et al. 2019

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Lasing relies on light amplification in the active medium of an optical resonator. There are three lasing regimes in the emission from a quantum well coupled to a semiconductor microcavity. Polariton lasing in the strong light-matter coupling regime arises from the stimulated scattering of exciton-polaritons. Photon lasing in the weak coupling regime relies on either of two mechanisms: the stimulated recombination of excitons, or of an electron-hole plasma. So far, only one or two out of these three regimes have been reported for a given structure, independently of the material system studied. Here, we report on all three lasing regimes and provide evidence for a three-threshold behavior in the emission from a photonic trap in a Se/Te-based planar microcavity comprising a single CdSe/(Cd,Mg)Se quantum well. Our work establishes the so far unsettled relation between lasing regimes that differ by their light-matter coupling strength and degree of electron-hole Coulomb correlation.

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Triple threshold lasing from a photonic trap in a Te/Se-based optical microcavity

et al. 2019

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“…Another nontrivial aspect of the problem is to find a system in which the polariton fluid can withstand the required warm temperatures. For this purpose, we have fabricated microcavities made up of Zinc Selenide compounds [24] in which, like in nitride [14], zinc oxide [25,26] or organic material-based microcavities [27], this requirement is met. In addition, the disorder is weak enough in this system [28] to allow the , and c), the solid black line, dashed black and dashed green line show the calculated overall polariton loss contribution γ = γ rad + γ inh to the FWHM, and both separate contributions respectively.…”

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Thermal Decoherence of a Nonequilibrium Polariton Fluid

et al. 2018

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Exciton-polaritons constitute a unique realization of a quantum fluid interacting with its environment. Using Selenide based microcavities, we exploit this feature to warm up a polariton condensate in a controlled way and monitor its spatial coherence. We determine directly the amount of heat picked up by the condensate by measuring the phonon-polariton scattering rate and comparing it with the loss rate. We find that upon increasing the heating rate, the spatial coherence length decreases markedly, while localized phase structures vanish, in good agreement with a stochastic mean field theory. From the thermodynamical point-of-view, this regime is unique as it involves a nonequilibrium quantum fluid with no well-defined temperature, but which is nevertheless able to pick up heat with dramatic effects on the order parameter. For ultra-cold atoms kept in a magneto-optical trap, Bose-Einstein condensation is a phase transition entirely driven by thermal equilibration [1,2]. In other bosonic many-body systems this conclusion is sometime harder to reach and requires a careful examination. This is for example the case of photons stored in a cavity filled with dye molecules, for which condensation has been demonstrated [3]. In spite of the intrinsic driven-dissipative (DD) character of the system, it has been found eventually that thermalization happens at a much faster rate than the photon loss rate [4,5], via grand-canonical interaction with the molecules rovibronic degrees of freedom [6].Exciton-polaritons (polaritons) in semiconductor microcavities [7] constitute another example of a nontrivial open system, in which condensation has been reported [8,9] and studied. In this case, the DD dynamics usually has a strong influence on the phenomenon [10][11][12][13][14][15], which thus differs from its textbook thermal-equilibrium counterpart in many respects: condensation can for example take place in more than one state [16], and have a non-zero momentum as a result of broken time reversal symmetry [17,18], and a diffusive Goldstone mode is expected as the long wavelength excitations [19,20]. More fundamentally, it has been recently pointed out in a series of theoretical work that owing to its DD character, polariton condensation actually belongs to a universality class which is different from that of equilibrium systems [21], and which is common to phenomena as diverse as selection in predator-prey dynamics or the build up of traffic jam [22,23].In this work, we use a warm thermal bath of phonons (T = 150 − 250 K) as a strong heat source interacting with polaritons, to realize and characterize a condensation regime in which, as illustrated in Fig.1.b, thermal equilibration and the DD dynamics play an equally significant role in the phenomenon, and as a result lies FIG. 1. (Color online)Schematic representation of two different regimes of polariton condensation. P is the nonresonant pump rate, γT(T ) is the polariton-thermal phonons inelastic scattering rate, and γ is the overall polariton loss rate. In a) γT γ such tha...

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“…Spatial confinement has previously been used to enhance condensation processes in trap structures and micropillars [19][20][21][22]; in our case, spatial confinement in 6 to 12-µm diameter etched micropillars allows us to form polariton condensates for which g (2) (0) above threshold reaches a plateau with values larger than unity. This g (2) (0) plateau value decreases with tightened optical confinement, reflecting the enhancement of coherence in such structures.…”

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Evolution of Temporal Coherence in Confined Exciton-Polariton Condensates

et al. 2018

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We study the influence of spatial confinement on the second-order temporal coherence of the emission from a semiconductor microcavity in the strong coupling regime. The confinement, provided by etched micropillars, has a favorable impact on the temporal coherence of solid state quasicondensates that evolve in our device above threshold. By fitting the experimental data with a microscopic quantum theory based on a quantum jump approach, we scrutinize the influence of pump power and confinement and find that phonon-mediated transitions are enhanced in the case of a confined structure, in which the modes split into a discrete set. By increasing the pump power beyond the condensation threshold, temporal coherence significantly improves in devices with increased spatial confinement, as revealed in the transition from thermal to coherent statistics of the emitted light.

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Polariton lasing in high-quality selenide-based micropillars in the strong coupling regime

Abstract: International audienc

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

Triple threshold lasing from a photonic trap in a Te/Se-based optical microcavity

Triple threshold lasing from a photonic trap in a Te/Se-based optical microcavity

Thermal Decoherence of a Nonequilibrium Polariton Fluid

Evolution of Temporal Coherence in Confined Exciton-Polariton Condensates

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