Polar PIN Localization Directs Auxin Flow in Plants

Wiśniewska, Justyna; Xu, Jian; Seifertová, Daniela; Brewer, Philip B.; Růžička, Kamil; Blilou, Ikram; Rouquié, David; Benková, Eva; Scheres, Ben; Friml, Jiřı́

doi:10.1126/science.1121356

Cited by 783 publications

(692 citation statements)

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“…6, A and C). The alterations in PIN2 gene expression and PIN2 abundance and polar localization under salt stress may interfere with the distribution of auxin within root meristem cells and auxin transport to root elongation zone (Petrásek et al, 2006;Wisniewska et al, 2006). Such a change may promote agravitropic growth to modify the direction of root growth away from the stress stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Modulates Gravity Signaling Pathway to Regulate Growth Direction of Primary Roots in Arabidopsis

et al. 2007

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Plant root architecture is highly plastic during development and can adapt to many environmental stresses. The proper distribution of roots within the soil under various conditions such as salinity, water deficit, and nutrient deficiency greatly affects plant survival. Salinity profoundly affects the root system architecture of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, despite the inhibitory effects of salinity on root length and the number of roots, very little is known concerning influence of salinity on root growth direction and the underlying mechanisms. Here we show that salt modulates root growth direction by reducing the gravity response. Exposure to salt stress causes rapid degradation of amyloplasts in root columella cells of Arabidopsis. The altered root growth direction in response to salt was found to be correlated with PIN-FORMED2 (PIN2) messenger RNA abundance and expression and localization of the protein. Furthermore, responsiveness to gravity of salt overly sensitive (sos) mutants is substantially reduced, indicating that salt-induced altered gravitropism of root growth is mediated by ion disequilibrium. Mutation of SOS genes also leads to reduced amyloplast degradation in root tip columella cells and the defects in PIN2 gene expression in response to salt stress. These results indicate that the SOS pathway may mediate the decrease of PIN2 messenger RNA in salinity-induced modification of gravitropic response in Arabidopsis roots. Our findings provide new insights into the development of a root system necessary for plant adaptation to high salinity and implicate an important role of the SOS signaling pathway in this process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Modulates Gravity Signaling Pathway to Regulate Growth Direction of Primary Roots in Arabidopsis

et al. 2007

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“…In the cytoplasm, auxin is de-protonated such that free passage outwards is very slow; consequently, transport facilitators are necessary that locally permeate the membrane and facilitate auxin efflux. PIN proteins have cell-type-specific polar localizations in a manner that fully correlates with auxin transport routes as determined by auxin labelling, local auxin production and bioassays 16,25,26 , although other directional transporters may have additional roles 27,28 . Hence, in our model we specifically focus on the localization of the PINs (with permeability P e pin ).…”

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Auxin transport is sufficient to generate a maximum and gradient guiding root growth

Grieneisen¹,

Marée³

et al. 2007

Nature

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763

852

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The plant growth regulator auxin controls cell identity, cell division and cell expansion. Auxin efflux facilitators (PINs) are associated with auxin maxima in distal regions of both shoots and roots. Here we model diffusion and PIN-facilitated auxin transport in and across cells within a structured root layout. In our model, the stable accumulation of auxin in a distal maximum emerges from the auxin flux pattern. We have experimentally tested model predictions of robustness and self-organization. Our model explains pattern formation and morphogenesis at timescales from seconds to weeks, and can be understood by conceptualizing the root as an 'auxin capacitor'. A robust auxin gradient associated with the maximum, in combination with separable roles of auxin in cell division and cell expansion, is able to explain the formation, maintenance and growth of sharply bounded meristematic and elongation zones. Directional permeability and diffusion can fully account for stable auxin maxima and gradients that can instruct morphogenesis.

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“…En effet, au-delà de son rôle essentiel au cours de l'angiogenèse, le VEGF a initialement été découvert comme un facteur de perméabilité vasculaire [2]. Chez l'adulte, la dérèglement de l'expression du VEGF est impliquée dans une grande variété de conditions pathologiques, comme l'inflammation, les réactions thrombotiques, ainsi que la progression des cancers [3]. Même si des progrès ont été réalisés dans la compréhension de la signalisation intracellulaire par laquelle le VEGF promeut la croissance, la survie et la migration endothéliale, comment le VEGF contrôle l'étanchéité vasculaire reste encore mal connu, plus de 20 ans après sa découverte [2].…”

Section: La Ve-cadhérine Prend Des Chemins De Traverseunclassified

“…Ce transport « basipète » est assuré par une famille de transporteurs d'auxine, les protéines PIN [1,2]. Ces transporteurs au nombre de huit sont localisés de manière polarisée sur une face des cellules et assurent un efflux d'auxine, ce qui contraint la direction du flux d'auxine [3]. Une étude sur le trafic intracellulaire de la protéine PIN1 chez Arabidopsis thaliana a permis de démontrer l'existence de l'endocytose dans un tissu intact [4].…”

unclassified

Internaliser pour diriger, ou comment l’endocytose régule les flux d’auxine chez les plantes

Jaillais

Gaude

2007

Med Sci (Paris)

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Polar PIN Localization Directs Auxin Flow in Plants

Cited by 783 publications

References 7 publications

Salt Modulates Gravity Signaling Pathway to Regulate Growth Direction of Primary Roots in Arabidopsis

Salt Modulates Gravity Signaling Pathway to Regulate Growth Direction of Primary Roots in Arabidopsis

Auxin transport is sufficient to generate a maximum and gradient guiding root growth

Internaliser pour diriger, ou comment l’endocytose régule les flux d’auxine chez les plantes

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