Poland Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

Poland syndrome, also known as anoplysia, is a rare congenital condition characterized by incomplete development of chest muscles and bones, often accompanied by anomalies in internal organs. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of Poland syndrome, delving into its clinical features, etiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. Despite being rare, the impact of Poland syndrome on affected individuals is significant, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach for management. The syndrome's clinical manifestations vary widely, encompassing chest wall deformities, hand anomalies, rib defects, and breast underdevelopment. While the exact causes remain elusive, genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role. Recent research has explored potential genetic predispositions and maternal factors such as smoking and cocaine Журнал «Перспективи та інновації науки» (Серія «Педагогіка», Серія «Психологія», Серія «Медицина») № 2(36) 2024 912 use during pregnancy. Diagnostic methods include clinical examination, radiography, ultrasound, CT scans, MRI, and genetic testing, often requiring collaboration with specialists. Treatment strategies aim to address both cosmetic concerns and functional deficits, with surgical interventions tailored to individual patient needs. Recent studies have proposed classification systems and treatment algorithms to guide surgical decision-making, emphasizing the importance of patient-specific approaches. Despite advancements in understanding and management, further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize treatment outcomes for individuals with Poland syndrome. Improved understanding of this complex condition will facilitate early diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, and enhanced quality of life for affected individuals and their families.