Poisoning of feedlot cattle by seeds of <i>Heliotropium europaeum</i>

Bd, Hill; Kl, Gaul; Jw, Noble

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1997.tb15717.x

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Genera of each of these plant families such as Senecio, Eupatorium, Heliotropium, and Crotalaria have been reported as toxic to livestock and humans (Mohabbat et al 1976;Tandon et al 1976;Harper et al 1985;Hill et al 1997;Prakash et al 1999;Shimshoni et al 2015b;Kakar et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in animal- and plant-derived food: results of a survey across Europe

Mulder

López

Castellari

et al. 2017

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

112

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Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are secondary metabolites of plant families such as Asteraceae or Boraginaceae and are suspected to be genotoxic carcinogens. Recent investigations revealed their frequent occurrence in honey and particularly in tea. To obtain a comprehensive overview of the PA content in animal-and plant-derived food from the European market, and to provide a basis for future risk analysis, a total of 1105 samples were collected in 2014 and 2015. These comprised milk and milk products, eggs, meat and meat products, (herbal) teas, and (herbal) food supplements collected in supermarkets, retail shops, and via the internet. PAs were detected in a large proportion of plant-derived foods: 91% of the (herbal) teas and 60% of the food supplements contained at least one individual PA. All types of (herbal) teas investigated were found to contain PAs, with a mean concentration of 460 µg kg −1 dry tea (corresponding to 6.13 µg L −1 in [herbal] tea infusion). The highest mean concentrations were found in rooibos tea (599 µg kg −1 dry tea, 7.99 µg L −1 tea infusion) and the lowest in camomile tea (274 µg kg −1 dry tea, 3.65 µg L −1 tea infusion). Occurrence of PAs in food supplements was found to be highly variable, but in comparable ranges as for (herbal) tea. The highest concentrations were present in supplements containing plant material from known PA-producing plants. In contrast, only 2% of the animalderived products, in particular 6% of milk samples and 1% of egg samples, contained PAs. Determined levels in milk were relatively low, ranged between 0.05 and 0.17 µg L −1 and only trace amounts of 0.10-0.12 µg kg −1 were found in eggs. No PAs were detected in the other animal-derived products.ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in animal- and plant-derived food: results of a survey across Europe

Mulder

López

Castellari

et al. 2017

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

112

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“…Feed contamination does not require large plant fragments as contaminants. Inadvertent co-harvesting DHPA-producing plants with desired teas, grain, or forage has been shown to contaminate the desired product with the DHPAs [5,6,7]. Furthermore, it has been shown that sorghum grain for pig feed, heavily contaminated with DHPA-producing plant parts, still retains toxic levels of DHPAs even after the feed grain has been “cleaned” of all contaminating plant parts and foreign seeds [5].…”

Section: Toxicity Cytotoxicity and Carcinogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dehydropyrrolizidine Alkaloid Toxicity, Cytotoxicity, and Carcinogenicity

Stegelmeier

Colegate

Brown

2016

Toxins

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Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid (DHPA)-producing plants have a worldwide distribution amongst flowering plants and commonly cause poisoning of livestock, wildlife, and humans. Previous work has produced considerable understanding of DHPA metabolism, toxicity, species susceptibility, conditions, and routes of exposure, and pathogenesis of acute poisoning. Intoxication is generally caused by contaminated grains, feed, flour, and breads that result in acute, high-dose, short-duration poisoning. Acute poisoning produces hepatic necrosis that is usually confirmed histologically, epidemiologically, and chemically. Less is known about chronic poisoning that may result when plant populations are sporadic, used as tisanes or herbal preparations, or when DHPAs contaminate milk, honey, pollen, or other animal-derived products. Such subclinical exposures may contribute to the development of chronic disease in humans or may be cumulative and probably slowly progress until liver failure. Recent work using rodent models suggest increased neoplastic incidence even with very low DHPA doses of short durations. These concerns have moved some governments to prohibit or limit human exposure to DHPAs. The purpose of this review is to summarize some recent DHPA research, including in vitro and in vivo DHPA toxicity and carcinogenicity reports, and the implications of these findings with respect to diagnosis and prognosis for human and animal health.

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“…Livestock were poisoned by grazing on pyrrolizidine alkaloids plants such as Senecio, Crotalaria, and Heliotropium. The disease, called pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis, affects most species of domestic livestock, and causes tremendous livestock loss worldwide (8,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). It is known that a variety of animal species are susceptible to pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicity (20,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GENOTOXIC PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS AND PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDN-OXIDES—MECHANISMS LEADING TO DNA ADDUCT FORMATION AND TUMORIGENICITY

Chou

Xia

et al. 2001

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C

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Plants that contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides are widely distributed in the world. These plants are probably the most common poisonous plants affecting livestock, wildlife, and humans. Although pyrrolizidine alkaloids have been shown to be genotoxic, including tumorigenic in experimental animals, the mechanisms of tumor formation have not been fully understood. Our recent studies on riddelliine, riddelline N-oxide, and dehydroretronecine (DHR) provided evidence suggesting that pyrrolizidine alkaloids and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides induce tumors via a genotoxic mechanism, and that tumorigenicity is mediated by a set of eight DHR-derived DNA adducts. This mechanism may be general to other carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids and may also be responsible for the other genotoxicities of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, including mutagenicity and teratogenicity. It is hypothesized that these DHR-derived DNA adducts are potential biomarkers of pyrrolizidine alkaloid tumorigenicity. 353

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Poisoning of feedlot cattle by seeds of Heliotropium europaeum

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Occurrence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in animal- and plant-derived food: results of a survey across Europe

Occurrence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in animal- and plant-derived food: results of a survey across Europe

Dehydropyrrolizidine Alkaloid Toxicity, Cytotoxicity, and Carcinogenicity

GENOTOXIC PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS AND PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDN-OXIDES—MECHANISMS LEADING TO DNA ADDUCT FORMATION AND TUMORIGENICITY

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