Poisoning by Senna obtusifolia in sheep

Campos, Édipo Moreira; Maia, Lisanka Ângelo; Olinda, Robério Gomes; Nascimento, Eduardo; Melo, Diego Barreto de; Dantas, Antônio Flávio Medeiros; Riet-Correa, Franklin

doi:10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5530

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Naturally or experimentally induced Senna toxicity has been reported in horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, chickens, rabbits, rats and young children. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Major clinical signs and pathologic lesions in animals with Senna toxicity are largely associated with muscular changes. In the present case, the affected heifer may accidentally ingest the Senna plants found in the pasture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with other animal species, ewes with naturally occurring S. obtusifolia toxicity had multifocal polyphasic segmental muscular degeneration and necrosis, as well as centrilobular or midzonal vacuolation in the liver. 13 Horses and humans with S. occidentalis toxicity had liver failure and neurologic signs. 5 In experimentally induced Senna toxicity in pigs, neuromuscular dysfunction with myodegenerative lesions in the skeletal muscle and hepatic encephalopathy with Alzheimer type II astrocytes throughout the grey matter of the cerebral cortex have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Naturally or experimentally induced Senna toxicity has been reported in horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, chickens, rabbits, rats and young children 10–17 . Major clinical signs and pathologic lesions in animals with Senna toxicity are largely associated with muscular changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the heifer had mild pulmonary oedema. Compared with other animal species, ewes with naturally occurring S. obtusifolia toxicity had multifocal polyphasic segmental muscular degeneration and necrosis, as well as centrilobular or midzonal vacuolation in the liver 13 . Horses and humans with S. occidentalis toxicity had liver failure and neurologic signs 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Naturally occurring Senna spp. toxicity in an Angus crossbred calf

Yin

Rodriguez

Chamorro

et al. 2022

Vet Record Case Reports

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Ingestion of certain plants belonging to the genus Senna in animals can cause a rapidly progressive disease with myonecrosis. Natural senna intoxication was suspected in cattle that were grazing on contaminated pasture. Three calves presented with clinical signs of acute illness, characterised by sternal recumbency and absent patellar and withdrawal reflexes. Senna obtusifolia and Senna occidentalis plants were found in the grazing pastures. Serum biochemistry levels of creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase were higher than the reference ranges. Major pathologic findings included multifocal pale tan and dry skeletal muscle with severe segmental monophasic myonecrosis. Senna seeds were identified in the ruminal contents. A diagnosis of Senna intoxication was made given the clinical history and the compatible clinicopathological and pathologic findings. In addition, Senna plants in the pasture along with the Senna seeds were found in the ruminal contents in the affected heifer. BACKGROUNDThe genus Senna is a group of perennial plants belonging to the family Fabaceae. The genus Senna (formerly called Cassia) has approximately 250-300 accepted species distributed throughout the world and is primarily located in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia and Latin America. 1 Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod), S. occidentalis (coffee senna), S. lindheimeriana and S. roemeriana (twin-leaf senna) are the more toxic species reported in veterinary medicine, with S. obtusifolia and S. occidentalis frequently reported. 2 S. obtusifolia, a native plant found in the southeastern United States, ranges from Texas to Florida and in north to Missouri and northern Virginia. In addition, it is considered a noxious weed in Mississippi, Tennessee, North Carolina and Virginia. In Alabama, it can be found along roadways, waste places, cultivated fields and pastures. The origin of S. occidentalis is unknown and is considered to have originated from tropical South America and the Old World tropics. This species is now found in Asia, Africa, North America, Central America, the Caribbean, South America and Oceania and is frequently observed in sandy soil. S. roemeriana and S. lindheimeriana have been observed in Texas and New Mexico. 3 All parts of the Senna plant are toxic, with the seeds being especially toxic. The plant remains toxic when it is green, dried or ensiled in corn silage. S. obtusifolia is less toxic than S. occidentalis, but is more widespread. S. occidentalis appears to be more palatable and attractive to cattle after killing frost. 4 The consumption of the seeds at 1% of bodyweight in cattle may be fatal within 2-5 days. An experimental study showed that consumption of dried seeds at 0.5% of bodyweight,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Naturally occurring Senna spp. toxicity in an Angus crossbred calf

Yin

Rodriguez

Chamorro

et al. 2022

Vet Record Case Reports

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“…However, dianthrone, an anthraquinone in S. occidentalis has been shown to cause mitochondrial damage associated with myopathy ( Chileski et al, 2021 ). Poisoning by Senna obtusifolia has been reported in cattle ( Furlan et al, 2014b ) and sheep ( Campos et al, 2018 ) in Brazil.…”

Section: Poisonous Plants In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%