Point Inoculation Method for Measuring Adult Plant Response of Wheat to Stripe Rust Infection

Boshoff, W. H. P.; Prins, R.; Klerk, Corneli de; Krattinger, Simon G.; Bender, C. M.; Maree, G. J.; Rothmann, Lisa Ann; Pretorius, Z. A.

doi:10.1094/pdis-08-18-1312-re

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The wheat cultivar Sibelius was sown with Tume KL 2500 H SC (2.5 m wide) in the field on 4 May 2021. In July 2021, we had mid-flowering in the wheat field, plants were inoculated using point inoculation method in the fourth flower from below [ 50 ]. After adding the inoculating agent, the randomly selected wheat heads were covered with a plastic bag, which has been removed after 24 h. The plants were then kept for one month before harvesting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocontrol of Fusarium graminearum, a Causal Agent of Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat, and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation: From In Vitro to In Planta

Abbas

Yli-Mattila

2022

Toxins

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Crop diseases caused by Fusarium graminearum threaten crop production in both commercial and smallholder farming. F. graminearum produces deoxynivalenol mycotoxin, which is stable during food and feed processing. Therefore, the best way to prevent the sporulation of pathogens is to develop new prevention strategies. Plant-based pesticides, i.e., natural fungicides, have recently gained interest in crop protection as alternatives to synthetic fungicides. Herein we show that treatment with the methanolic extract of medicinal plant Zanthoxylum bungeanum (M20 extract), decreased F. graminearum growth and abrogated DON production. The F. graminearum DNA levels were monitored by a quantitative TaqMan real-time PCR, while DON accumulation was assessed by HPLC quantification. This M20 extract was mainly composed of four flavonoids: quercetin, epicatechin, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, and hyperoside. The in vitro bioassay, which measured the percent inhibition of fungal growth, showed that co-inoculation of four F. graminearum strains with the M20 extract inhibited the fungal growth up to 48.5%. After biocontrol treatments, F. graminearum DNA level was reduced up to 85.5% compared to that of wheat heads, which received F. graminearum mixture only. Moreover, DON production was decreased in wheat heads by 73% after biocontrol treatment; meanwhile in wheat heads inoculated with F. graminearum conidia, an average of 2.263 ± 0.8 mg/kg DON was detected. Overall, this study is a successful case from in vitro research to in planta, giving useful information for wheat protection against F. graminearum responsible for Fusarium Head Blight and DON accumulation in grains. Further studies are needed to study the mechanism by which M20 extract inhibited the DON production and what changes happened to the DON biosynthetic pathway genes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocontrol of Fusarium graminearum, a Causal Agent of Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat, and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation: From In Vitro to In Planta

Abbas

Yli-Mattila

2022

Toxins

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“…Collectively such information, also for leaf and stripe rust, adds to an understanding of disease risk and management at production level. To support field data, protocols for accelerated and reliable greenhouse assays have been developed for stripe rust 16,55,56 , leaf rust 57 and stem rust 58 .…”

Section: Host Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Accomplishments in wheat rust research in South Africa

Pretorius

Prins

Wessels³

et al. 2020

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Rust diseases, although seasonal, have been severe constraints in wheat production in South Africa for almost 300 years. Rust research gained momentum with the institution of annual surveys in the 1980s, followed by race identification, an understanding of rust epidemiology, and eventually a focused collaboration amongst pathologists, breeders and geneticists. Diversity in South African populations of Puccinia triticina, P. graminis f. sp. tritici and P. striiformis f. sp. tritici has been described and isolates are available to accurately phenotype wheat germplasm and study pathogen populations at national, regional and global levels. Sources of resistance have been, and still are, methodically analysed and molecular marker systems were developed to incorporate, stack and verify complex resistance gene combinations in breeding lines and cultivars. Vigilance, capacity, new technologies, collaboration and sustained funding are critical for maintaining and improving the current research impetus for future management of these important diseases.

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Point Inoculation Method for Measuring Adult Plant Response of Wheat to Stripe Rust Infection

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Biocontrol of Fusarium graminearum, a Causal Agent of Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat, and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation: From In Vitro to In Planta

Biocontrol of Fusarium graminearum, a Causal Agent of Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat, and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation: From In Vitro to In Planta

Accomplishments in wheat rust research in South Africa

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