Pocket parks as community building blocks: A focus on Stapleton, CO

Gibson, Huston; Canfield, Jessica

doi:10.1080/15575330.2016.1220965

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…According to some studies (Table 1), green space with a size less than 2 ha in urban and suburban areas can be regarded as a PGS (Currie, 2017;Amaya-Espinel et al, 2019). In recent years, increasingly more studies had been dedicated to the diverse ecosystem services that PGS provide, such as serving as wildlife habitat for biodiversity conservation of birds (Ikin et al, 2013;Jasmani et al, 2017;Amaya-Espinel et al, 2019), fostering community interaction and recreation (Gibson and Canfield, 2016), and generating health benefits (Cohen et al, 2014;Peschardt et al, 2016;Lin et al, 2019), as PGS can be effectively deployed in urban areas due to its small size. PGS has started becoming an important component in modern urban planning and design (Nordh and Østby, 2013;Armato, 2017;Danford et al, 2018;Hu, 2018;Labuz, 2019;Balai Kerishnan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Recently, pocket green spaces (PGS), i.e., small green spaces, have attracted growing attention for their various ecological and social services. As a crucial part of urban green spaces in high-density urban areas, PGS facilitates recreation and relaxation for neighborhoods and thus improves the livability of cities at the local scale. However, whether and how the PGS cools the urban heat island effect is still unclear. This research was performed in the highly developed areas of the city of Shanghai during hot summer daytime. We applied a set of cooling effect indicators to estimate the cooling extent, cooling intensity, and cooling efficiency of PGS. We further examined whether and how landscape features within and surrounding the PGS influence its cooling effects. The results showed that 90% of PGS are cooler than their surroundings. Among the landscape features, the land surface temperature of PGS logarithmically decreased with its area, and the maximum local cool island intensity and maximum cooling area logarithmically increased with the area of PGS. The vegetation types and their composition within the PGS also influenced their surface temperature and the cooling effect. The PGS dominated by tree-shrub-grass showed the highest cooling efficiency. The surrounding landscape patterns, especially the patch density and the landscape shape index, influence the cooling effect of PGS at both class and landscape levels. These findings add new knowledge on factors influencing the cooling effect of PGS, and provide the biophysical theoretical basis for developing nature-based cooling strategies for urban landscape designers and planners.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…The availability of pocket parks established with good characteristics is critical to promote daily social interaction (Gibson and Canfield, 2016;Salih and Ismail, 2018a;Tabassum, 2018;Salih et al, 2020). However, pocket park criteria could vary according to pocket location and climate, as the perception of users from these pockets differed from one city to another, from region to region and so on (Sinou and Kenton, 2013;Salih et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The last part of the questionnaire included measuring six design characteristics of pocket parks (independent variable). The pocket parks' characteristics were carefully selected from the existing studies (Peschardt and Stigsdotter, 2014;Cohen et al, 2014;Abd El-Aziz, 2015;Gibson and Canfield, 2016;Hecke et al, 2018). The six characteristics included design, elements and activities, accessibility, safety and security, proximity, and administration and maintenance.…”

Section: Design and Procedures Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Design characteristics such as proximity, accessibility, elements, and location also greatly influence the patterns of socialization and use (Williams, 2006, Peschardt et al, 2012Cohen et al, 2014). The frequency and increased use of these spaces are crucial to creating frequent interactions among different users (Rasidi et al, 2013, Abd El-Aziz, 2015Gibson and Canfield, 2016). Such pocket spaces are vital to assist in public welfare, encourage social interactions and express modern societal behavioral patterns (Sinou and Kenton, 2013;Salih and Ismail, 2017a).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Sustainable City: The Characteristic Public Urban Green Space for Enhancing Community Social Sustainability in Baghdad

Salih¹,

Ismail²,

Sabil

2021

IJSCET

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United Nations propounded the key to sustainable development, including the Environmental health and social well-being of society. In the city planning and development, public urban green open spaces provide opportunities for social and physical activities among the communities, which can contribute to mental and physical health in improving the social well-being of the community. Iraq is currently suffering from poor social activities, as many open spaces and parks are neglected and deficient. Therefore, there is a need to enhance residents’ social interaction in public urban green open spaces in order to improve the quality of social fabric in Baghdad City, through the perspective of the sustainable built environment approaches. The aim of this study is to determine the preferred characteristics of pocket parks for enhancing residents' social interaction based on their socio-demographic and investigate the relationship between the availability of quality pocket parks and residents' social interaction in Baghdad City. The study employed by executed the survey to the communities in Karkh district. Respondents (n=306) were selected in a single-random procedure to assess population attitudes towards a pocket park for social and physical activities. The results confirmed that a lack of outdoor daily social interaction in Baghdad City due to the inefficient nearby pocket parks. Thus, there is a need for efficient pocket parks designed to be provided. In this study, the characteristics of efficient pocket park design identified as providing suitable activities and elements, accessibility, well-design, proximity, safety and security, administration and maintenance in the pocket park design. This study contributes to the definitions of pocket parks and nearby open spaces by investigating these spaces' characteristics and benefits towards the social well-being of communities, in achieving the goal of a sustainable community in sustainable city development.

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“…The preferred criteria of pocket parks might vary from one region to another based on the sociodemographic characteristics and climate of the area Ismail, 2017a, 2017b;Salih et al, 2020). Evidence from existing literature confirmed that the key criteria of the successful pocket parks included the landscape elements, including softscape elements (Nordh et al, 2011;, hardscape elements (Abd El-Aziz, 2015;Salih et al, 2020), and environmental elements such as natural shade (Gibson and Canfield, 2016). Multilayered activities in NPPs also contributed to providing a unique experience for pockets users (Nordh and Østby, 2013;Abd El-Aziz, 2015;Ismail, 2018a, 2018b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Campus Pocket Parks for Enhancing Outdoor Learning Experience in Malaysian Universities

Salih¹,

Ismail²,

Ismail³

2021

IJARBSS

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Pocket parks as community building blocks: A focus on Stapleton, CO

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

The Sustainable City: The Characteristic Public Urban Green Space for Enhancing Community Social Sustainability in Baghdad

On-Campus Pocket Parks for Enhancing Outdoor Learning Experience in Malaysian Universities

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