Población potencialmente excluida de cobertura sanitaria con el Real Decreto 16/2012 y sus repercusiones sanitarias: la experiencia desde la Cataluña Central

Álamo-Junquera, Dolores; Sala, Núria; Millet, Joan-Pau; Ortega-Gutiérrez, Lluïsa; Planas-Giner, A.; Rovira, Carol; Comet, D.

doi:10.1016/j.aprim.2014.03.014

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Las políticas sociales ante la crisis afectan al Sistema de Salud directamente y con ello se reducen presupuestos destinados en sanidad, recursos, personal y actividad preventiva. Las medidas tomadas tienen consecuencias negativas para todo el grupo de población y la salud pública en general (8) .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…España, país desarrollado, alberga un sistema sanitario de carácter público, prestando sus servicios a toda la población, cuya base es garantizar la igualdad en el acceso y la utilización de los servicios a toda la ciudadanía (7,8) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Medidas que no solo tienen consecuencias negativas para este grupo de población, también para la salud pública en general (8) , puesto que para los inmigrantes en situación irregular se les reduce el acceso a la atención sanitaria, y por lo tanto, se dificulta la detección, control y seguimiento de enfermedades importadas favoreciendo la transmisión de las mismas (6,8) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Enfermedades importadas en España: dificultades en la atención sanitaria

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Díaz

Martos

et al. 2019

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Introducción: En España, desde el 2000 hasta el 2010, existían medidas que fomentaban la igualdad en salud y acceso a los servicios sanitarios de la población inmigrante. Con el inicio de la crisis y las reducciones del gasto público en salud, se instauraron medidas, que no solo tienen consecuencias negativas para este colectivo sino también para la salud pública en general, viéndose en aumento el número de casos de enfermedades importadas, también relacionadas con el aumento de viajes internacionales.Objetivos: Evaluar la presencia de enfermedades importadas en España y conocer la problemática del inmigrante en el Sistema Sanitario. Método: Revisión bibliográfica de estudios en lengua inglesa y castellana publicados entre 2007 y 2017 recogidos varias bases de datos y en informes de instituciones y organizaciones científicas.Resultados: Se obtuvo un total de 173 artículos indexados en las bases de datos. De estos, 32 se ajustaron a los criterios de inclusión, de los que se seleccionaron 15 para responder a los objetivos.15 producciones se adaptaron al objetivo del presente estudio. Los estudios afirman que los movimientos poblacionales como migraciones o a viajes internacionales, elevan la presencia de enfermedad importada en España. Esto junto con las medidas legislativas impuestas por el gobierno en materia de sanidad, dificultan al inmigrante irregular la posibilidad de acceder al Sistema Sanitario español. Destacan además otras dificultades para el inmigrante como son el idioma y el desconocimiento del correcto acceso y uso de las prestaciones sanitarias.Conclusión: Todo esto, crea desconfianza en el inmigrante, el cual aplaza el contacto con el servicio sanitario, pudiendo llegar a ocasionar un grave problema en la salud pública, principalmente por el retraso en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de enfermedades infecciosas importadas. Introduction: In Spain, from 2000 to 2010, there were measures that promoted equality in health and permitted access to health services for the immigrant population. Because of the economic crisis and the reductions in public expenditure on health, security measures were put in place, which not only had negative consequences for this group, also for public health in general. Therefore, the number of imported diseases cases have increased in direct relation to international travels.Objectives: To evaluate the presence of imported diseases in Spain and to know the problem of the immigrant in the Health System.Method: the literature review of studies in English and Spanish published between 2007 and 2017, including several databases and reports from institutions and scientific organizations.Results: A total of 173 articles indexed in the databases were obtained. 32 of these articles were adjusted to the inclusion criteria, of which 15 were selected to respond to the objectives. The studies affirm that population movements such as migrations or international trips, increase the presence of imported diseases in Spain. In addition, legislative measures imposed by the government on health matters, complicate access to the Spanish Health System for irregular immigrants. They also highlight other difficulties for the immigrant, such as the language and the lack of knowledge of the correct access and use of health services.Conclusion: The sum of all the above mentioned, creates lack of confidence in the immigrant, which postpones contact with the health service, and may lead to a serious problem in public health, mainly due to the delay in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of imported infectious diseases.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Enfermedades importadas en España: dificultades en la atención sanitaria

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Díaz

Martos

et al. 2019

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“…11,12 A study by Á lamo-Junquera and colleagues found that the prevalence of those excluded from accessing the health care system was 0.53% among those who did not have an IHC in Catalonia. 13 The Autonomous Communities that are part of Spain have reacted in varied ways to this law. This has created inequalities and inconsistencies regarding who is eligible for health care access, depending on the Autonomous Community of residency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restricting Access to Health Care to Immigrants in Barcelona

et al. 2016

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Austerity policies implemented in Spain in response to the ongoing economic crisis may have detrimental consequences for the health of immigrant populations and for public health in general. A mixed-methods study by the Public Health Agency of Barcelona and the University of Michigan indicates that the Real Decreto-ley 16/2012 (RDL) threatens the health of individuals and the population, especially in the case of infectious diseases. The study sought to determine the percentage of foreign-born persons with an infectious disease who had an Individual Health Card (IHC) prior to the RDL and to determine whether foreign-born persons with an infectious disease in Barcelona encountered problems accessing health care after the RDL. Results indicate that immigrants used the IHC to seek medical attention for infectious diseases and chronic conditions. Results also show that 66% of respondents, including 54% of unemployed respondents, 3% of respondents working without contracts, and those in informal employment (9%), may be at risk of losing at least part of their health coverage. Universal health care access in Spain has been crucial for the control of communicable diseases among immigrant populations. Reducing access to a significant percentage of the total population may have deleterious effects on public health.

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“…Besides, the frequency of consultation with any type of physician was higher in 2014 than in 2009, an increase that was greater in the immigrant population. According to some authors, the regional governments did not apply the measure implemented by the central government, and this could be reason for the findings in the immigrant population [17,18]. Nevertheless, the native-born population knows better than immigrants how the healthcare system works, and this knowledge may help them to avoid entering the health system through the family physician.…”

Section: What Is Already Known On This Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion of universal health coverage and trend in the frequency of physician consultations in Spain

Lostao

Ronda

Pascual

et al. 2020

Int J Equity Health

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Background: We studied the frequency of physician visits in the native and immigrant populations in Spain before and after implementation of a governmental measure to restrict the use of public healthcare services by undocumented immigrants beginning in 2012. Methods: Data were taken from the 2009 and 2014 European Health Surveys carried out in Spain. We investigated any physician consultation in the last 4 weeks before the interview, as well as visits to a family physician, public specialist physician and private specialist physician. We estimated the frequency of visits in 2009 and in 2014 in the native and immigrant populations and the difference in the frequency between the two populations, by calculating the percentage ratio estimated by binomial regression and adjusted for different confounders that are indicators of the need for assistance. Results: The percentage of persons who consulted any physician in 2009 and 2014 was 31.7 and 32.9% in the native population, and 25.6 and 30.1% in the immigrant population, respectively. In the immigrant population, the frequency of visits to the general practitioner and public specialist physician increased, whereas in the native population only public specialist physician visits increased. The frequency of private specialist visits remained stable in both populations. After adjusting for the indicators of need for healthcare, no significant differences between the immigrant and native populations were seen in the frequency of visits, except for private specialist consultations, which were less frequent among immigrants. Conclusion: The restriction of universal healthcare coverage in Spain did not reduce the frequency of physician visits between 2009 and 2014, as the frequency of these consultations was seen to increase in both the native and immigrant populations.

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Población potencialmente excluida de cobertura sanitaria con el Real Decreto 16/2012 y sus repercusiones sanitarias: la experiencia desde la Cataluña Central

Abstract: The results of the study suggests that this legislative measure does not seem to be justified for medical or economic reasons. It could also cause public health problems and contribute to the risk of social fracture.

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Enfermedades importadas en España: dificultades en la atención sanitaria

Enfermedades importadas en España: dificultades en la atención sanitaria

Restricting Access to Health Care to Immigrants in Barcelona

Erosion of universal health coverage and trend in the frequency of physician consultations in Spain

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