Pneumonia and hospitalizations in the elderly

Cacciatore, Francesco; Gaudiosi, Carlo; Mazzella, Francesca; Scognamiglio, Anna; Mattucci, Irene; Carone, Mauro; Ferrara, Nicola; Abete, Pasquale

doi:10.4081/gc.2017.6377

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Given that majority of elderly patients have multiple co-morbidities that increases their risk for pneumonia, this study showed that most of elderly admitted have diabetes, renal disease, heart failure as well as pulmonary tuberculosis and hypertension similar to other studies [4,12,14,19,[21][22][23]. Among numerous underlying conditions evaluated, the study showed that renal disease has an increased risk for mortality among elderly with community acquired pneumonia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Prevalence, Demographic, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Elderly Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia Admitted in a Tertiary Medical Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study

B¹,

Joel²,

Adolf³

2021

J Geriatr Med Gerontol

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Objectives: To determine the prevalence, demographic data, clinical characteristics, microbiologic profile, clinical outcomes and risk factors of mortality among elderly with Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP). Methods:This study was a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing data from January to December of 2018 among 159 elderly patients admitted with CAP in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. Demographics, clinical characteristics, microbiologic profile was assessed using percentage and frequency. Chi-square test was used to compare factors to age group and risk factors of mortality were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. Results:The overall prevalence of elderly patients admitted with CAP was 5% and was noted to be higher in females (55.35%) than males (44.65%). Majority belonged to aged 65-74 years (36.5%). The most common pathogen identified is Escherichia coli (17.24%) and Streptococcus parasanguinis (17.17%) in blood and sputum culture, respectively. Risk factors significantly associated to mortality were history of alcoholic drinking, renal disease, oxygen saturation < 90% upon admission, decrease sensorium, hypotension, lung findings of retractions and decrease breath sounds, Escherichia coli in blood culture and mixed bacterial coinfection in sputum culture (p < 0.05). Conclusion:CAP is a common problem with clinical impact to elderly patients. The study was able to provide prevalence, demographic data and clinical characteristics associated with mortality among elderly patients admitted due to CAP. This study can also guide clinicians and hospital personnel in infection control and management strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The clinical manifestations of elderly with pneumonia stated in various literature were not limited to respiratory symptoms but usually presented with atypical symptoms such as body weakness, changes in sensorium, loss of appetite and can significantly increase the risk of mortality among elderly [8][9]16,22,[24][25][26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Demographic, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Elderly Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia Admitted in a Tertiary Medical Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study

B¹,

Joel²,

Adolf³

2021

J Geriatr Med Gerontol

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“…showed higher incidence of Pneumonia in geriatrics when compared to all other RTIs. The study showed 25-44 per 1000 cases with an incidence of Community Acquired Pneumonia 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

A Study on Drug Utilization of Antibiotics in Respiratory Tract Infections among Geriartrics

Charave

Suresh

Shihab

et al. 2020

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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Back ground: Respiratory Tract Infections (RTIs) often pose a major threat for geriatric patients (>60 years) who are at higher risk of developing complications. The first line treatments for RTIs are antibiotics which help in reducing the infection. As there is increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance it is necessary to conduct drug utilization of antibiotics which helps in better understanding about errors and risks involved in prescriptions. Objectives: The objective of the study is to access the prescribing pattern, appropriate use of antibiotics and inappropriateness of antibiotics in viral infections. Methodology: The present study is a prospective observational study. The study included 110 patients which included the evaluation of the patients medical records of antibiotics, sputum culture reports and physician records. Results: Out of 110 geriartric RTI patients, female (59.09%) were more predominantly affected over males (40.90%). Among the RTIs diagnosed pneumonia (40%) was higher followed by LRTI (28.18%). The common signs and symptoms found were breathlessness (34.54%) with major comorbidity of diabetes milletus (47.31%). Piperacillin + tazobactam (40.90%) was the mostly prescribed antibiotic for both gram positive (Streptococci) and gram negative (E. coli) bacteria which was given through I.V. (90%). Total drug interactions and medication errors were 13.03% and 3.32% respectively. Conclusion: The present study gives an overview of antibiotics use and complications involved in geriatric population diagnosed with RTIs. Appropriate antibiotic usage according to Hospital Antibiotic Policy was observed in the study site with lower number of medication errors and drug interactions. Key words: Respiratory Tract Infections, drug utilization, antibiotics, geriatrics.

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“…Cacciatore et al (2017) presented analysis of Italian cases of pneumonia observed in elderly [ 92 ] before COVID-19 was discovered. The data of this study are suitable for comparison with pneumonia associated with COVID-19 positivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several aspects are discussed: 1) how common is the disease; signs and symptoms in the elderly; 2) the elderly must always be hospitalized and which is the best place - ICU or medical ward? ; 3) the role of comorbidities; 4) etiology and pathogenesis; medical treatment - when and how to start; 5) antibiotic resistance; 6) antibiotics in hospital-acquired and ventilator-related pneumonia; 7) assisted non-invasive ventilation; 8) the treatment in the terminally ill elderly patient [ 92 ]. Pneumonia is a frequent illness highly conditioning morbidity and mortality in the elderly population.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Understanding COVID-19: Molecular Insights, Co-infections, Associated Disorders, and Aging

Paley

2021

ADR

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Background: COVID-19 can be related to any diseases caused by microbial infection(s) because 1) co-infection with COVID-19-related virus and other microorganism(s) and 2) because metabolites produced by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and protozoan can be involved in necrotizing pneumonia and other necrotizing medical conditions observed in COVID-19. Objective: By way of illustration, the microbial metabolite of aromatic amino acid tryptophan, a biogenic amine tryptamine inducing neurodegeneration in cell and animal models, also induces necrosis. Methods: This report includes analysis of COVID-19 positivity by zip codes in Florida and relation of the positivity to population density, possible effect of ecological and social factors on spread of COVID-19, autopsy analysis of COVID-19 cases from around the world, serum metabolomics analysis, and evaluation of autoantigenome related to COVID-19. Results: In the present estimations, COVID-19 positivity percent per zip code population varied in Florida from 4.65% to 44.3% (February 2021 data). COVID-19 analysis is partially included in my book Microbial Metabolism and Disease (2021). The autoantigenome related to COVID-19 is characterized by alterations in protein biosynthesis proteins including aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Protein biosynthesis alteration is a feature of Alzheimer’s disease. Serum metabolomics of COVID-19 positive patients show alteration in shikimate pathway metabolism, which is associated with the presence of Alzheimer’s disease-associated human gut bacteria. Conclusion: Such alterations in microbial metabolism and protein biosynthesis can lead to toxicity and neurodegeneration as described earlier in my book Protein Biosynthesis Interference in Disease (2020).

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Pneumonia and hospitalizations in the elderly

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Prevalence, Demographic, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Elderly Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia Admitted in a Tertiary Medical Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Prevalence, Demographic, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Elderly Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia Admitted in a Tertiary Medical Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study

A Study on Drug Utilization of Antibiotics in Respiratory Tract Infections among Geriartrics

Towards Understanding COVID-19: Molecular Insights, Co-infections, Associated Disorders, and Aging

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