Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia

Outcomes of Moderate-to-Severe Pneumocystis Pneumonia Treated with Adjunctive Steroid in Non-HIV-Infected Patients

“…Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PcP) remains an important opportunistic infection in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection as well as in other immunocompromised conditions (4,14). Several important advances have greatly influenced the treatment of PcP in HIV-infected patients, notably the introduction of adjunctive corticosteroids (4,14).…”

A Rare Initial Presentation of Leukemia With Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia

“…Due to the availability of effective highly active antiretroviral therapy and use of PJP prophylaxis in HIV patients with CD4 count less than 200/µL, the incidence of PJP in HIV patients has been declining [3]. However, in HIV negative immunocompromised patients, the incidence of P. jirovecii infection is reported to be increasing [4]. Compared to HIV positive patients, P. jirovecii infection in HIV negative, immunosuppressed patients tend to take a fulminant form with rapid progression into life-threatening respiratory failure requiring ventilator support and ICU care [1,5].…”

Recent‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by acute respiratory failure

“…This association may be related to the increased colonization of P jiroveci demonstrated in studies of individuals with other chronic lung diseases (33), or it may be related to the immunosuppressive medications used in the treatment of CTD-associated ILD. Regardless, along with multiple case reports identifying PCP infection in the setting of underlying ILD (26,34), a retrospective study of 75 hospitalized patients with underlying SLE or inflammatory myositis by Kadoya et al found that 7 (100%) of 7 PCP cases had evidence of underlying ILD compared to 6 (8.8%) of 68 without PCP receiving similar steroid doses (31).…”