Pneumocephalus after shunting for hydrocephalus

Villarejo, F.; Carceller, Fernando; Alvarez, Crystal; Bencosme, J.; Díaz, Carlos Pérez; Goldman, L; Pascual, Alexandre

doi:10.1007/s003810050238

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The air is then trapped by brain plugs as a result of a ball-valve phenomenon. Patients with a history of aqueductal stenosis requiring a CSF shunt seem particularly at risk of developing pneumocephalus (16). This is because a prospective fistula becomes symptomatic or because the thinned CSF barriers are easily damaged by mild trauma, as may have occurred in Case 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Amenorrhea Caused by Hydrocephalus Due to Aqueductal Stenosis: Report of Two Cases

Lee

Kim

et al. 2001

J Korean Med Sci

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Amenorrhea is rarely presented as a manifestation of endocrinological disturbances in patients of chronic hydrocephalus. We describe two cases of secondary amenorrhea caused by hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis. Two female patients of age 30 and 20 yr presented with amenorrhea and increasing headache. Magnetic resonance images revealed marked, noncommunicating hydrocephalus without any tumorous lesion. In one patient, emergent extraventricular drainage was necessary because of progressive neurological deterioration. Each patient underwent surgical intervention for the hydrocephalus-ventriculoperitoneal shunt and endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Both resumed normal menstruation continuing so far with further normal menstrual bleeding. These two cases and others reported in the literature indicated that the surgical intervention for hydrocephalus resolves amenorrhea in all the cases of amenorrhea due to hydrocephalus. The suspected role of the surgery is the correction of increased intracranial pressure, which is an important pathogenetic factor in the development of amenorrhea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Amenorrhea Caused by Hydrocephalus Due to Aqueductal Stenosis: Report of Two Cases

Lee

Kim

et al. 2001

J Korean Med Sci

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“…19) In some cases of spontaneous pneumocephalus there were no clear identifiable causes, but abnormally low or negative intracranial pressure may lead to air entrapment 14) as in a similar mechanism found in cases of postoperative shunt placement. 4,11,20) In theory, however, the formation of an epidural pneumocephalus is unlikely to be caused by negative pressure alone because the dura is very adherent to the bone particularly in the parieto-occipital area of the cranium. 8,19) In our case the precise underlying mechanism for the development of pneumocephalus remains unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Epidural Pneumocephalus -Case Report-

Tucker

Miyake

Tsuji

et al. 2008

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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A 20-year-old male presented with an extremely rare spontaneous epidural pneumocephalus which was successfully treated by a single neurosurgical intervention. The patient had a habit of nose blowing and a 1-year history of progressive headache and nausea. Cranial computed tomography (CT) revealed a 2 × 7 cm right temporo-occipital epidural pneumocephalus with extensive hyperpneumatization of the mastoid cells. Right temporo-occipital craniotomy with a right superficial temporal artery and vein flap repair resulted in radiographic resolution of the pneumocephalus, and he remained neurologically free of symptoms at 1-year follow-up examination. Early identification and monitoring of symptomatic pneumocephalus followed by decompression and prevention of infection via closure of the bone defect can avoid possible serious consequences. The underlying mechanisms may involve a congenital petrous bone defect and a ball-valve effect due to excessive nose blowing in our case.

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“…The first case report of pneumocephalus was in 1741 by Lecat. (1,26) Its association with craniofacial trauma, neurosurgical or ontological procedures, (9,14,23,24) otomastoiditis,(5) or skull base tumours (21,27) is well known. Spontaneous pneumocephalus caused by a primary defect at the temporal bone level without association with pathological conditions or surgery is very rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spontaneous Pneumocephalus and Hyperpneumatisation of occipital bone and atlas vertebra: a case report.

Sawant¹

2016

IOSR

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Pneumocephalus after shunting for hydrocephalus

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Secondary Amenorrhea Caused by Hydrocephalus Due to Aqueductal Stenosis: Report of Two Cases

Secondary Amenorrhea Caused by Hydrocephalus Due to Aqueductal Stenosis: Report of Two Cases

Spontaneous Epidural Pneumocephalus -Case Report-

A spontaneous Pneumocephalus and Hyperpneumatisation of occipital bone and atlas vertebra: a case report.

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