Pneumatized Spaces, Sinuses and Spongy Bones in the Skulls of Primates

Preuschoft, Holger; Witte, H.; Witzel, U.

doi:10.1127/anthranz/60/2002/67

Cited by 57 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The integration of the craniofacial skeletal components depends to considerable degree on the adaptive response of the growing cranium to mechanical signals. In turn, if viewed from the perspective of the response of tissues to localized mechanical signals (or lack thereof) during the development of the paranasal sinuses then we might expect sinus morphology to be highly variable [27]. This mechanical regulation model is consistent with the clinical and comparative pictures described above but care should be exercised in accepting it as the whole picture.…”

Section: The Paranasal Sinuses: Modules Integration and Facial Mechamentioning

confidence: 75%

“…This is not to imply that sinuses drive the growth of adjacent bone, but rather, under this model, they passively expand into newly available space. Preuschoft et al [27] have recently reinforced this idea in a biomechanical analysis of model pneumatised spaces and spongy bone.…”

Section: The Paranasal Sinuses: Functional Significancementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Thus increasing attention is being given to the possible role of mechanical loading and the consequent distribution of strains during ontogeny in the formation of sinuses. It has already been noted that the supraorbital region bears little masticatory strain in adult primates [26,99] but it is also noteworthy that the hollowing out of bone results in little loss of mechanical integrity while minimising the cost of maintaining bone and the weight of the cranium [27].…”

Section: The Paranasal Sinuses: Functional Significancementioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Shaping the human face

O’Higgins

Bastir

Kupczik

2006

International Congress Series

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Section: The Paranasal Sinuses: Modules Integration and Facial Mechamentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: The Paranasal Sinuses: Functional Significancementioning

confidence: 92%

Section: The Paranasal Sinuses: Functional Significancementioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Shaping the human face

O’Higgins

Bastir

Kupczik

2006

International Congress Series

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“…The facial skeleton in particular may, in other words, be optimised to resist torsion and bending forces during mastication (Weidenreich 1924;Demes 1982;Greaves 1985;Preuschoft et al 1986Preuschoft et al , 2002Witzel and Preuschoft 2002). Differences in the topography and morphology of facial bones may therefore be related to differences in masticatory loads and diet, but the validity of this suggestion for vertebrates in general and for primates in particular, is disputed.…”

Section: Frontal Pneumatisation and Facial Morphologymentioning

confidence: 94%

Facial correlates of frontal bone pneumatisation in strepsirrhine primates

et al. 2009

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Despite a substantial amount of research, a consensus has yet to emerge regarding the function of the paranasal sinuses found in some but not all species of mammals. In this paper, we suggest a new statistical approach for the analysis of paranasal sinus function in a comparative framework. We model the data using a censored linear regression and three different phylogenetic correlation structures (independence, Brownian motion, and the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model of evolution). The method specifically addresses the difficulty involved in modelling a character that is fundamentally quantitative but also completely absent in many taxa. We use this approach to test hypotheses of correlation between aspects of facial morphology and the development of frontal bone pneumatisation in strepsirrhine primates, based on pneumatisation volume estimates derived from planar radiographs. Our preliminary survey illustrates that frontal pneumatisations are frequent among strepsirrhines, but that they are also completely absent from several groups. Our analyses suggest that the relationship between frontal pneumatisation and other variables is complex. Bridging between the orbital and neural components of the frontal bone in response to varying degrees of spatial separation between those components emerges as one likely determinant of the development of frontal pneumatisation. Scaling properties, however, imply that additional factors are involved in determining the development of frontal bone pneumatisation in strepsirrhines.

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“…orthodontic appliances, surgery) that involve modifications of skull loading. One immediate application with regard to the hominin fossil record would be to investigate the extent to which the extensive facial sinuses of certain fossil hominins (Preuschoft et al 2002;Prossinger et al 2003;Rae and Koppe 2004) are explicable in terms of adaptation to loading of faces that expand in relative size more than those of modern humans (O'Higgins et al 2006). Simulation of the effects of both ontogenetic loading and skeletal adaptation will lead to the need to compare how the skull deforms between different load cases and individuals (original or 'adapted' models); it calls for a statistical treatment of deformations resulting from mechanical simulations.…”

Section: Using Gmm To Produce Models For Functional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Functional Morphology: Novel Approaches to the Study of Craniofacial Form and Function

et al. 2012

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Recent developments in simulating musculoskeletal functioning in the craniofacial complex using multibody dynamic analysis and finite elements analysis enable comprehensive virtual investigations into musculoskeletal form and function. Because the growth of the craniofacial skeleton is strongly influenced by mechanical functioning, these methods have potential in investigating the normal and abnormal development of the skull: loading history during development can be predicted and bony adaptations to these loads simulated. Thus these methods can be used to predict the impact of altered loading or modifications of skull form early in ontogeny on the subsequent development of structures. Combining functional models with geometric morphometric methods (GMM), which are principally concerned with the study of variations of form, offers the opportunity to examine variations in form during development and the covariations between form and factors such as functional performance. Such a combination of functional models and GMM can potentially be applied in many useful ways, for example: to build and modify functional models, to assess the outcomes of remodelling studies by comparing the results with morphological changes during ontogeny, and to compare the outcomes of finite element analyses within a multivariate framework. Studies using these tools can not only investigate the development of the skull but also the mechanical processes and thus to some degree, behaviours underlying the development of variation among extant and fossil skeletal elements. By bringing together these tools from quite different comparative traditions, a novel and potentially powerful framework for simulation and statistical biomechanical analyses of form and function emerges. This paper reviews these recent developments in the context of the evolutionary and functional influences on skull development.

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Pneumatized Spaces, Sinuses and Spongy Bones in the Skulls of Primates

Cited by 57 publications

References 4 publications

Shaping the human face

Shaping the human face

Facial correlates of frontal bone pneumatisation in strepsirrhine primates

Virtual Functional Morphology: Novel Approaches to the Study of Craniofacial Form and Function

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