PMAC: An Adaptive Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Zheng, Tao; Radhakrishnan, Sridhar; Sarangan, Venkatesh

doi:10.1109/ipdps.2005.344

Cited by 235 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Pattern MAC (PMAC) [12] is CSMA based protocol. In PMAC the wakeup and sleep time of nodes are changed dynamically based on the its own traffic pattern and that of the neighbor's.…”

Section: Fig 3: T-mac With Adaptive Active Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Mac Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Anubhama¹,

Rajendran²

2017

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Research in Intelligent and Computing in Engineering

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Abstract-Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an infrastructure-less wireless network of nodes that can sense the environment or physical conditions and relay the data to a sink or a gateway possibly through multiple hops. The primary task of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols in such a network is to synchronize the task of data communication between the nodes with energy efficiency being the prime consideration due to power constraints in sensor nodes. So the most significant performance specifications for MAC protocols in WSN are throughput, efficiency, stability, fairness, low access delay, low transmission delay and low overhead. In this paper we have surveyed significant classes of MAC protocols used in WSN and reviewed the merits and demerits of those protocols based on the aforementioned specifications.

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“…Pattern MAC (PMAC) [12] is CSMA based protocol. In PMAC the wakeup and sleep time of nodes are changed dynamically based on the its own traffic pattern and that of the neighbor's.…”

Section: Fig 3: T-mac With Adaptive Active Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Mac Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Anubhama¹,

Rajendran²

2017

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Research in Intelligent and Computing in Engineering

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“…Some are briefly discussed here, in particular those that share similar attributes with VST-TDMA. The protocols discussed are: client-weighted medium-transparent MAC protocol (CW-MT-MAC) [29], process-stacking multiplexing access (PSMA) [20], Dynamic TDMA Scheduling (D-TDMA Scheduling or DTS) [13], packet reservation multiple access/dynamic allocation (PRMA/DA) [32], resource auction multiple access (RAMA) [4], slot reservation demand assignment multiple access (SRDAMA) [34], quality of service collision-free Receiver-Oriented MAC (QoS-CROMA) [18], and time division multiple access/frequency division duplexing (TDMA/FDD) [6], sensor-MAC (S-MAC) [63], timeout-MAC (T-MAC) [55], pattern-MAC (P-MAC) [65], Medium Reservation Preamble based MAC (MRPM) [51], adjustable sleep-mode MAC (AS-MAC) [64], Aloha [3], and Slotted Aloha [45]. CW-MT-MAC is a cross-layer (physicaldata link) MAC protocol designed specifically for 60-GHz cells.…”

Section: Work Related To Time-based Access Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom-layer solutions for 60 GHz millimeter-wave wireless networks: modulation and multiplexing access techniques

Estevez¹,

Azurdia²

2015

Telecommun Syst

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Wireless technologies are an essential communication means that transform a branched localized fixed meshwork into a ubiquitous disconnected network. A clear trend shows that cells are becoming smaller, homogeneously distributed, operating at higher carrier frequencies, and more energy conscious. This points toward wireless picocell systems that implement millimeter-wave (mm-wave) modulation. In this work various techniques are proposed, which are oriented to specific traits of the 60-GHz mm-wave band. Two techniques oriented to solve physical and data-link layer issues are proposed. Single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) is proposed as the technology to be implemented at the physical layer, and a variable slot time multiplexing access technique, called variable slot time-time division multiple access (VST-TDMA), with a conscious energy-conservation protocol, is proposed for the data-link (MAC) layer. SC-FDMA with pulse shaping is implemented to minimize the peak-to-average power ratio of the system, which reduces energy consumption. The multiplexing access technique takes advantage of the reduced cell size by multiplexing data in the time domain, this allows the reduced number of users to utilize the entire available bandwidth. Incorporated into the access protocol is the option of energy pacing or even self-sustainability if an energy harvesting device is present. Self-sustainability can be achieved at the cost off throughput, some techniques are discussed to relieve this trade-off condition. Also, a thorough discussion is included on battery energy depletion, even with an energy harvesting device present, to further increase the through- put performance. Since using SC-FDMA reduces the energy consumption, it enables VST-TDMA to operate at higher speeds under self-sustainability mode. Overall the proposed set of solutions showed independently significant improvements to the system. It is also discussed how these techniques coalesce conveniently by working in unison, improving the energy efficiency and throughput capabilities of 60-GHz systems.Keywords 60 GHz · Energy self-sustainability · Millimeter-wave · Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) · Single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) · Variable slot time-time division multiple access (VST-TDMA)

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“…This causes a sudden increase in network delay as well as traffic congestion and greater energy consumption at each node. Therefore, subsequent MAC protocol design aims at a short duty cycle in order to resolve these issues [2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Representative protocols include data gathering MAC (D-MAC) [2], Pattern MAC (PMAC) [3], Tree Search Resource Auction Multiple Access (TRAMA) [7], Tree MAC (Tree-MAC) [8], Voice-over-sensor-network (VoSN) MAC [9], Sparse Topology Management Schemes (SETM) [10], and Modified T-MAC (MT-MAC) [11]. Of these, D-MAC and PMAC were designed to reduce transmission delays in data transmission due to operating time syncing between neighboring nodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree TDMA MAC Algorithm Using Time and Frequency Slot Allocations in Tree-Based WSNs

Lee

Cho

2017

Wireless Pers Commun

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In this paper, we propose a tree-based time division multiple access (Tree TDMA) media access control (MAC) algorithm based on the IEEE 802.15.4 PHY standard. The method involves the simultaneous use of two algorithms, a time slot allocation algorithm (TSAA) and a frequency slot allocation algorithm (FSAA), at low power consumption to support voice and data communication to solve the problems afflicting prevalent MAC protocols in tree topology networks. The TSAA first generates routing paths through the control channel in a super frame prior to transmitting packets, and allocates time slots for each node to transmit packets. The FSAA then allocates frequencies to each path according to the routing paths generated following its application. The overhearing problem and the funneling effect in TDMA as well as carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) MACs are resolved by these two algorithms because a given node and its neighbors are orthogonal in terms of time and frequency. The problem of inter-node synchronization is addressed by periodically sending a beacon from higher to lower nodes, and the issue of low power is solved by leaving unsigned time slots in an idle state. To test the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we used a MATLAB simulation to compare its performance with that of contention-based CSMA MAC and non-contention-based TreeMAC in terms of network throughput, network delay, energy efficiency, and energy consumption. We also tested the performance of the algorithms for increasing number of nodes and transmission packets in the tree topology network.

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PMAC: An Adaptive Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: Abstract-

Cited by 235 publications

References 5 publications

A Survey on Mac Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

A Survey on Mac Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Bottom-layer solutions for 60 GHz millimeter-wave wireless networks: modulation and multiplexing access techniques

Tree TDMA MAC Algorithm Using Time and Frequency Slot Allocations in Tree-Based WSNs

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