PM2.5 source apportionment in a French urban coastal site under steelworks emission influences using constrained non-negative matrix factorization receptor model

Kfoury, Adib; Ledoux, Frédéric; Roche, Cloé; Delmaire, Gilles; Roussel, Gilles; Courcot, Dominique

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2015.10.025

Cited by 48 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Maximum PM 10 week averages of these elements resulted in 32 ng/m 3 , 4 ng/m 3 and 1 ng/m 3 , respectively. Average values were similar to the ones reported in Reference [13] for other industrial areas, but Fe, K and Cu average concentrations were higher.…”

Section: Elemental Mass Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 86%

Hourly Elemental Composition and Source Identification by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in the High Polluted Industrial Area of Taranto (Italy)

et al. 2020

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In the framework of an extensive environmental investigation, promoted by the Italian Health Ministry, the ISPESL (Istituto Superiore per la Prevenzione e la Sicurezza del Lavoro) and the CNR (Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerca), aerosol samples were collected in Taranto (one of the most industrialized towns in southern Italy) with high time resolution and analyzed by PIXE. The samples were collected in two periods (February–March and June 2004) and in two different sites: an urban district close to the industrial area and a small town 7 km N-NW of Taranto. The use of ‘‘streaker’’ samplers (by PIXE International Corporation) allowed for the simultaneous collection of the fine (<2.5 μm) and coarse (2.5–10 μm) fractions of particulate matter. PIXE analyses were performed with a 3 MeV proton beam from the 3 MV Tandetron accelerator of the INFN-LABEC laboratory. Particulate emissions as well as their atmospheric transport and dilution processes change within a few hours, but most of the results in literature are limited to daily time resolution of the input samples that are not suitable for tracking these rapid changes. Furthermore, since source apportionment receptor models need a series of samples containing material from the same set of sources in different proportions, a higher variability between samples can be obtained by increasing the temporal resolution rather than with samples integrated over a longer time. In this study, the high time resolution of the adopted approach allowed us to follow in detail the changes in the aerosol elemental composition due to both the time evolution of the industrial emissions and the time changes in meteorological conditions, and thus, transport pathways. Moreover, the location of the sampling sites, along the prevalent wind direction and in opposite positions with respect to the industrial site, allowed us to follow the impact of the industrial plume as a function of wind direction. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis on the elemental hourly concentrations identified eight sources in the fine fraction and six sources in the coarse one.

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Section: Elemental Mass Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 86%

Hourly Elemental Composition and Source Identification by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in the High Polluted Industrial Area of Taranto (Italy)

et al. 2020

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“…During the 2013-2014 winter period in Beijing, the average PM 2.5 concentration exceeded the standard by 20 %, and in February reached its highest level over 2005(Lang et al, 2017. The PM 2.5 mass closure and concentration of gaseous precursors during the 57 non-haze days were comparable to those of the entire winter period.…”

Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In this study, the average PM 10 concentration was 142 µg m −3 , comparable to the Chinese national standard of 150 µg m −3 in 24 h (GB3095-2012). However, the mean PM 2.5 concentration was 89 µg m −3 , exceeding the standard of 75 µg m −3 in 24 h. The PM 2.5 standard was most severely exceeded in February 2014, when the average concentration (133.5 µg m −3 ) reached the highest winter concentration in Beijing during 2005(Lang et al, 2017.…”

Section: Pm 25 and Pm 10 Mass Variationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Considering the extreme haze situation in Beijing, researchers have sought the crucial factors of haze formation, usually by identifying the emission sources of PM 2.5 . The source apportionment of PM 2.5 is commonly analyzed by source receptor models such as positive matrix factorization (PMF) and non-negative matrix factorization (NMF; Reff et al, 2007;Kfoury et al, 2016). These models have implicated coal and industries as major sources of PM 2.5 in Beijing (Huang et al, 2014;Zhang and Cao, 2015;Zhang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and source apportionment of fine haze aerosol in Beijing during the winter of 2013

et al. 2018

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Abstract. For PM2.5 filter samples collected daily at the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (Beijing, China) from December of 2013 to February of 2014 (the winter period), chemical characteristics and sources were investigated with an emphasis on haze events in different alert levels. During the 3 months, the average PM2.5 concentration was 89 µg m−3, exceeding the Chinese national standard of 75 µg m−3 in 24  h. The maximum PM2.5 concentration was 307 µg m−3, which characterizes developed-type pollution (PM2.5 / PM10>0.5) in the World Health Organization criteria. PM2.5 was dominated by SO42−, NO3−, and pseudo-carbonaceous compounds with obvious differences in concentrations and proportions between non-haze and haze episodes. The non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) analysis provided reasonable PM2.5 source profiles, by which five sources were identified: soil dust, traffic emission, biomass combustion, industrial emission, and coal combustion accounting for 13, 22, 12, 28, and 25  % of the total, respectively. The dust impact increased with northwesterlies during non-haze periods and decreased under stagnant conditions during haze periods. A blue alert of heavy air pollution was characterized by the greatest contribution from industrial emissions (61  %). During the Chinese Lantern Festival, an orange alert was issued and biomass combustion was found to be the major source owing to firework explosions. Red-alert haze was almost equally contributed by local traffic and transported coal combustion emissions from the vicinity of Beijing (approximately 40  % each) that was distinguished by the highest levels of NO3− and SO42−, respectively. This study also reveals that the severity and source of haze are largely dependent on meteorological conditions.

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“…In France, studies were mainly found at urban and suburban measurement sites around large cities (Cazier et al 2016, Dimitriou and Kassomenos , El Haddad et al 2011, Fortems-Cheiney et al 2016, Kfoury et al 2016. Particle pollution in these areas were regarded as a complex consequence of industrial, domestic and traffic (shipping for dock cities) emissions.…”

Section: Pm2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine particles at a background site in Central France: Chemical compositions, seasonal variations and pollution events

Chen

Rangognio

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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To expand our knowledge of regional fine particles in Central France (Centre-Val de Loire region), a field observation study of PM was carried out at Verneuil site (46.81467N, 2.61012E, 180m.a.s.l.) from 2011 to 2014. The mass concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and biomass burning tracer (Levoglucosan) in PM were measured. Annual average PM mass concentrations were 11.8, 9.5, 12.6 and 10.2μg·m in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively, three of four higher than the WHO guideline of 10μg·m. Secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) and organic matter (OM) appeared to be the major components in PM in Verneuil, contributing 30.1-41.8% and 36.9-46.3%, respectively. Main chemical species were observed in the following order: winter≥spring>autumn>summer. Backward atmospheric trajectories were performed using Hysplit model and suggested that the PM pollutants caused by atmospheric transport were mainly originated from European inland, mainly east to north-east areas. During the observation period, five pollution events were reported and indicated that not only the polluted air masses from central Europe but also the biomass burning from East Europe significantly influenced the air quality in Verneuil site.

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PM2.5 source apportionment in a French urban coastal site under steelworks emission influences using constrained non-negative matrix factorization receptor model

Cited by 48 publications

References 42 publications

Hourly Elemental Composition and Source Identification by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in the High Polluted Industrial Area of Taranto (Italy)

Hourly Elemental Composition and Source Identification by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) of Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter in the High Polluted Industrial Area of Taranto (Italy)

Characteristics and source apportionment of fine haze aerosol in Beijing during the winter of 2013

Fine particles at a background site in Central France: Chemical compositions, seasonal variations and pollution events

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