PM2.5 Concentrations Indoors and Outdoors in Heavy Air Pollution Days in Winter

Song, Peiyao; Wanga, Lixin; Yang, Hui; Li, Rui

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.09.173

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The exposure at both levels was higher than the median of 6.65 µg•m −3 found by [11] for households with woodstoves in New England. The values of the lower and upper range of mean hourly indoor PM 2.5 concentrations ( Figure 6) were lower than the 112 -416 µg•m −3 observed by [25] in homes in Beijing, China in winter. PM 2.5 concentrations in office/commercial buildings in Ft. Yukon were on average very unhealthy for some hours on a daily basis in June and August and were even hazardous most of July.…”

Section: Indoor Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 59%

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Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Matter Exposure of Rural Interior Alaska Residents

Edwin¹,

Mölders²

2020

OJAP

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To assess the exposure of residents in rural communities in the Yukon Flats to particulate matter of 2.5 µm or less in diameter (PM 2.5), both indoor and outdoor concentration observations were carried out from March to September 2019 in Ft. Yukon, Alaska. Indoor concentrations were measured at 0.61 m (breathing level during sleeping) in homes and at 1.52 m heights (breathing level of standing adult) in homes and office/commercial buildings. Air quality was better at both heights in cabins than frame homes both during times with and without surface-based inversions. In frame houses, concentrations were higher at 0.61 m than 1.52 m, while the opposite is true typically for cabins. Differences between shoulder season and summer indoor concentrations in residences were related to changes in heating, subsistence lifestyle and mosquito repellents. In summer, office and commercial buildings, air quality decreased due to increased indoor emissions related to increased use of equipment and mosquito pics as well as more merchandise. During summer indoor concentrations reached unhealthy for sensitive groups to hazardous conditions for extended times that even exceeded the high outdoor concentrations. Due to nearby wildfires, July mean outdoor concentrations were 55.3 µg•m −3 which exceeds the 24-h US National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 35 µg•m −3. Indoor and outdoor concentrations correlated the strongest with each other for office/commercial buildings, followed by frame houses and cabins. Office/commercial buildings with temperature monitors had one to two orders of magnitude lower concentrations than those without.

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Section: Indoor Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 59%

“…This means PM 2.5 concentrations may decrease, when the grown particles exceed 2.5 µm in diameter. The high I/O ratios can be explained by indoor emissions from wood burning for cooking and heating, recreational smoking and use of mosquito pics.In Guangzhou and Dublin, for instance, I/O were below 1[9] [25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Matter Exposure of Rural Interior Alaska Residents

Edwin¹,

Mölders²

2020

OJAP

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“…These findings imply that the higher the number of natural ventilation events, the lower the indoor PM 2.5 levels. According to previous studies [23,24], indoor air quality in homes in urban areas was influenced by indoor human activities such as cooking, smoking, and cleaning. For example, high peak PM episodes were observed during cooking activities in Seoul [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exposure to Indoor Fine Particulate Matter on Atopic Dermatitis in Children

Kim

Ha³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This study aimed to investigate the short-term effect of exposure to indoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on atopic dermatitis (AD) symptoms in children. Sixty-four children (40 boys and 24 girls) with moderate-to-severe AD, aged under 18 years were enrolled in the study. They were followed up from February 2019 through November 2020. Exposure to indoor PM2.5 in each household of the enrolled children and their AD symptoms were measured daily. The generalized linear mixed model was utilized for statistical analysis. Subdivision analysis was performed by stratifying the patients by age, sex, season, severity, the presence of family allergic diseases, sensitization, and indoor environment conditions including temperature and relative humidity. A total of 9,321 person-days of AD symptom data were collected. The average PM2.5 concentration was 28.7 ± 24.3 µg/m3, with the highest value in winter (47.1 ± 29.6 µg/m3). The overall effect of PM2.5 on AD symptoms was not statistically significant. However, an increase of 10 µg/m3 in indoor PM2.5 concentration increased AD symptom scores by 16.5% (95% CI: 6.5, 27.5) in spring and12.6% (95% CI: 4.3, 21.5) in winter, 6.7% (95% CI: 2.3, 11.3) at indoor temperatures of <25.5 °C, and by 15.0% (95% CI: 3.5, 27.7) with no use of an air purifier. The harmful effect of PM2.5 in boys, in children aged ≥6 years, and in children with inhalant allergen sensitization was significant, showing an increase in AD symptoms of 4.9% (95% CI: 1.4, 8.6), 12.0% (95% CI: 5.3, 19.1), and 7.0% (95% CI: 1.9, 12.3) per 10 µg/m3 of PM2.5, respectively. Furthermore, children with inhalant allergen sensitization plus severe symptoms (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis, SCORAD ≥ 30.7, median value) showed more harmful effects from exposure to PM2.5 (15.7% (95% CI: 4.5, 28.1) increase in AD symptom scores per 10 µg/m3 of PM2.5 increase). Indoor exposure to PM2.5 exacerbated AD symptoms in children in spring, winter, and at indoor temperatures of < 25.5 °C. In particular, this harmful effect was prominent in children with inhalant allergen sensitization and severe symptoms. Minimizing exposure to indoor PM2.5 is needed for the proper management of AD.

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“…The concentration of PM2.5 tends to decrease when the intensity of people's activities in the room decreases, and increases when the intensity of activity increases. Various studies have shown that indoor human activities are the main source of PM concentrations [15][16][17]. Human activities as simple as walking in the room can trigger the movement of PM which originally settled on the surface of the floor/objects to fly in the air, as well as sweeping activities in the room will obviously trigger PM to scatter in the air [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Impact Of Activities and Number Of Occupant On Pm25 Concentr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Modelling of Indoor Air Pollution Distribution at Home

Putri

Salam

Rachmawati

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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In ancient times, humans were very accustomed to depending on nature, so that in the past humans held the title as an outdoor species. Over time with many technological advances, the pattern of human life has shifted to being an indoor species. Currently, almost 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas and is projected to increase to 68% by 2050. Based on the National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS), the total time humans spend indoors is 86.9%. Research shows that air pollutants contained in indoor air are 2 to 5 times more than outdoor air. The neglect of the air conditioning system also worsens indoor air quality. It is often found that the supply of fresh air and the concentration of pollutants in the work or activity zone is unknown, even though this is a crucial matter. With the amount of time spent indoors, air quality and the distribution of pollutants in indoor air becomes very important. This research was conducted spatial modelling of air pollutant distribution using the kriging interpolation technique. The results of spatial modelling with this method produce an average of R-squared=70,98% dan RMSE = 0.03. Several factors influence the increase in pollutant concentrations that are the activity of the occupants, the number of occupants, and environmental conditions outside.

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PM2.5 Concentrations Indoors and Outdoors in Heavy Air Pollution Days in Winter

Cited by 18 publications

References 4 publications

Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Matter Exposure of Rural Interior Alaska Residents

Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Matter Exposure of Rural Interior Alaska Residents

Effects of Exposure to Indoor Fine Particulate Matter on Atopic Dermatitis in Children

Spatial Modelling of Indoor Air Pollution Distribution at Home

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