PM2.5 chemical composition at a rural background site in Central Europe, including correlation and air mass back trajectory analysis

Schwarz, Jaroslav; Cusack, Michael; Karban, Jindřich; Chalupníčková, Eva; Havránek, V.; Smolik, J.; Ždı́mal, Vladimı́r

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.02.017

Cited by 82 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…However, the concentrations of NO À 3 (3.20 ± 3.23 mg/m 3 ) and NH þ 4 (2.24 ± 1.69 mg/m 3 ) are still higher than for four European cities along the densely populated Mediterranean Sea (Barcelona, Marseille, Genoa, and Thessaloniki; cf. Salameh et al, 2015) or a central European rural site in the Czech Republic (Schwarz et al, 2016, Table 3). …”

Section: Water-soluble Ion Composition Of Pm 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the pollution control measures on PM2.5 during the 2015 China Victory Day Parade: Implication from water-soluble ions and sulfur isotope

Han

Guo

Liu

et al. 2016

Environmental Pollution

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a b s t r a c tAir pollution by particulate matter is a serious problem in Beijing. Strict pollution control measures have been carried out in Beijing prior to and during the 2015 China Victory Day Parade in order to improve air quality. This distinct event provides an excellent opportunity for investigating the impact of such measures on the chemical properties of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 2.5 mm (PM 2.5 ). The water-soluble ions as well as sulfur and oxygen isotopes of sulfate in PM 2.5 collected between August 19 and September 18, 2015 (n ¼ 31) were analyzed in order to trace the sources and formation processes of PM 2.5 in Beijing. The results exhibit a decrease in concentration of water-soluble ions in PM 2.5 including aerosol sulfate. In contrast, the mean values of d 34 S sulfate (4.7 ± 0.8‰ vs. 5.0 ± 2.0‰) and d 18 O sulfate (18.3 ± 2.3‰ vs. 17.2 ± 6.0) in PM 2.5 during the air pollution control period and the non-source control period exhibit no significant differences, which suggests that despite a reduction in concentration, the sulfate source remains identical for the two periods. It is inferred that the decrease in concentration of sulfate in PM 2.5 mainly results from variations in air mass transport. Notably, the air mass during the pollution control period originated mainly from north and northeast and changed to southerly directions thereafter. The sulfur and oxygen isotopes of the sulfate point to coal combustion as the major source of sulfate in PM 2.5 from the Beijing area.

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Section: Water-soluble Ion Composition Of Pm 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the pollution control measures on PM2.5 during the 2015 China Victory Day Parade: Implication from water-soluble ions and sulfur isotope

Han

Guo

Liu

et al. 2016

Environmental Pollution

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“…These old types of boilers have higher emission factors compared to modern boilers [54][55][56]. An important impact of old combustion boilers on air quality at the NAOK was also confirmed by Schwarz et al for PM 2.5 [57].…”

Section: Trend Analysismentioning

confidence: 74%

Long-Term Trends in PAH Concentrations and Sources at Rural Background Site in Central Europe

2019

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An increased burden due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is a long-term air quality problem in Central and Eastern Europe. Extensive PAH monitoring has been implemented at the National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice (NAOK), a rural background site in the Czech Republic, as a representative for Central Europe. Data from NAOK are used for evaluation of PAH concentration trends and source apportionment. In total, concentrations of 14 PAHs in particulate matter (PM10) and in the gas phase between 2006 and 2016 were evaluated. The highest concentrations were measured at the beginning of the study period in 2006. Mean annual concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene, for example, showed a weak, however statistically significant decreasing trend. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to determine the sources of PAHs at NAOK, with three factors resolved. The probable origin areas of PMF factors were identified by the conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF) and the potential source contribution function (PSCF) methods. The NAOK is affected by local sources of PAHs, as well as by regional and long-range transport. The PAH concentrations correlate negatively with industrial production and traffic intensity. High PAH emissions have been linked to local heating, suggesting that the planned replacement of obsolete combustion sources in the households could improve the overall air quality situation, not only with respect to PAHs.

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“…During the cold months of the year, anthropogenic activity leads to a considerable deterioration of air quality [1]. This situation is particularly relevant for geographical the area of the former Eastern Bloc, where household heating is based on useful energy supply from outdated systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate matter in the rural settlement during winter time

Olszowski

2017

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. The objective of this study was to analyzed the variability of the ambient particulates mass concentration in an area occupied by rural development. The analysis applied daily and hourly PM 2.5 and PM 10 levels. Data were derived on the basis of measurement results with the application of stationary gravimetric samplers and optical dust meter. The obtained data were compared with the results from the urban air quality monitoring network in Opole. Principal Component Analysis was used for data analysis. Research hypotheses were checked using U Mann-Whitney. It was indicated that during the smog episodes, the ratio of the inhalable dust fraction in the rural aerosol is greater than for the case of the urban aerosol. It was established that the principal meteorological factors affecting the local air quality. Air temperature, atmospheric pressure, movement of air masses and occurrence of precipitation are the most important. It was demonstrated that the during the temperature inversion phenomenon, the values of the hourly and daily mass concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 are very improper. The decrease of the PM's concentration to a safe level is principally relative to the occurrence of wind and precipitation.

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PM2.5 chemical composition at a rural background site in Central Europe, including correlation and air mass back trajectory analysis

Cited by 82 publications

References 79 publications

Effect of the pollution control measures on PM2.5 during the 2015 China Victory Day Parade: Implication from water-soluble ions and sulfur isotope

Effect of the pollution control measures on PM2.5 during the 2015 China Victory Day Parade: Implication from water-soluble ions and sulfur isotope

Long-Term Trends in PAH Concentrations and Sources at Rural Background Site in Central Europe

Particulate matter in the rural settlement during winter time

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