PM2.5-bound elements in Hebei Province, China: Pollution levels, source apportionment and health risks

Li, Xing; Yan, Caiqing; Wang, Qianqian; Ma, Jie; Li, Wanxin; Liu, Junyi; Liu, Yue

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150440

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…A study in Taiwan Province of China also concluded that changes in PM2.5 levels can affect the incidence of lung adenocarcinoma and patient survival (22). Air pollution and the PM2.5 concentration were severely high in Hebei Province (23)(24)(25). As in our study, they may increase the risk of lung adenocarcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of lung adenocarcinoma: A retrospective observational study from North China

Shi

Dong

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundThe main aim of the study was to determine the risk factors of lung adenocarcinoma and to analyze the variations in the incidence of lung adenocarcinoma according to time, sex, and smoking status in North China.MethodsPatients with lung cancer in local household registries diagnosed and treated for the first time in the investigating hospital were enrolled from 11 cities in North China between 2010 and 2017. Baseline characteristics and tumor-related information were extracted from the patients’ hospital medical record, clinical course records, and clinical examination. Some of the variables, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, medical history, and family history of cancer, were obtained from interviews with the enrolled patients. The statistical method used were the chi-square test and multi-factor logistic regression analysis. The time trend was statistically analyzed using Joinpoint regression models, and p values were calculated.ResultsA total of 23,674 lung cancer cases were enrolled. People in severely polluted cities were at higher risk for lung adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001). Most patients with lung adenocarcinoma had no history of lung-related diseases (p = 0.001). Anatomically, lung adenocarcinoma was more likely to occur in the right lung (p < 0.001). Non-manual labor workers were more likely to develop from lung adenocarcinoma than manual workers (p = 0.015). Notably, non-smokers were more likely to develop lung adenocarcinoma than smokers (p < 0.001). The proportion of lung adenocarcinoma increased significantly in Hebei Province (p < 0.001). Among non-smokers, the proportion of lung adenocarcinoma showed a higher rise than in smokers (p < 0.001).ConclusionsLung adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type of lung cancer in North China (Hebei Province), and the proportion of lung adenocarcinoma is increasing, especially among non-smokers. Lung adenocarcinoma is more common in women, severely polluted cities, individuals with no history of lung-related diseases, in the right lung, and in non-smokers. These can serve as a great guide in determining the accuracy of lung adenocarcinoma high-risk groups and lung cancer risk assessment models.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of lung adenocarcinoma: A retrospective observational study from North China

Shi

Dong

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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“…Since then, air quality in most regions has improved significantly, with annual PM 2.5 concentrations decreasing from 72 μg/m 3 (in 2013) to 33 μg/m 3 (in 2020) . Given that different metals have different toxicities and the sources of PM 2.5 -bound metals may be different from those of bulk PM 2.5 , − it is unclear whether the trend of the health risk of PM 2.5 -bound metals was consistent with the downtrend of PM 2.5 and how the air pollution reduction policies drove the trend. Health benefit assessment based on specific PM 2.5 pollution source control targets can help clarify the health risks and emission reduction potentials due to PM 2.5 exposure .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Challenges Regarding the Source-Specific Health Risk of PM_2.5-Bound Metals in a Chinese Megacity from 2014 to 2020

Yan

Peng

Lin

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Identifying the health risk of PM 2.5 is essential for urban air pollution control. In 2013, China announced the ever-strict national Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan, and its health benefit should be evaluated to provide reference for future policymaking. In this study, we conducted a seven-year (2014−2020) continuous observation of PM 2.5 in Shenzhen, the third largest city in China, which has relatively good air quality. The results showed that the annual mean PM 2.5 and total concentration of 21 associated metals dropped from 37.7 to 18.5 μg/m 3 and from 2.4 to 1.1 μg/m 3 , respectively. Combining methods for source apportionment and health risk assessment, we found that the total carcinogenic risk (CR) of five hazardous metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Co, and Pb) showed a clear decreasing trend. However, the total CR (1.8 × 10 −6 ) in 2020 still exceeded the widely acceptable risk level (i.e., 1 × 10 −6 ), with the primary contributor changing from industrial emissions (61%) to vehicle emissions (63%). Further analysis indicated that the CR of vehicles mainly came from Cr and Ni released by braking and tire wearing and has fluctuated in recent years, highlighting a great challenge of controlling nonexhaust emissions of vehicles (including electric cars) in the future.

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“…The selected research objects include single air pollutants, such as SO 2 [14,15], NO 2 [16,17], O 3 [18,19], PM 10 [20,21], and PM 2.5 [22,23], and composite indices, such as API [24] and AQI [25]. The spatial scales of the studies are mainly focused on the national scale [3], provincial scale [26], urban clusters [11], and urban scale [27]. In addition, most of the current studies focus on the factors of air pollution [10,28,29], pollution management, prevention, and control policies [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has Industrial Upgrading Improved Air Pollution?—Evidence from China’s Digital Economy

Wang

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Air pollution has seriously hindered China’s sustainable development. The impact mechanism of industrial upgrading on air pollution is still unclear, given the rapid digital economy. It is necessary to analyze the impact of industrial structure upgrading on air pollution through the digital economy. To investigate the impact of industrial upgrading and the digital economy on air pollution, this paper selected the industrial advanced index and the digital economy index to construct a panel regression model to explore the improvement effect of industrial upgrading on air pollution and selected China’s three typical areas to construct a zonal regression model. The concentrations of air pollutants showed a downward trend during 2013–2020. Among them, the SO2 concentration decreased by 63%, which is lower than the PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations. The spatial pattern of air pollutants is heavier in the north than in the south and heavier in the east than in the west, with the North China Plain being the center of gravity. These air pollutants have significant spatial spillover effects, while local spatial correlation is dominated by high-high and low-low clustering. Industrial upgrading has a stronger suppressive effect on the PM2.5 concentration than the suppressive effect on the SO2 and NO2 concentrations, while the digital economy has a stronger improvement effect on the SO2 concentration than its improvement effect on the PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations. Industrial upgrading has a stronger improvement effect on air pollution in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration than in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and its surrounding areas, while the improvement in air pollution attributable to the digital economy in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and its surrounding areas is stronger than in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. There are significant differences in the effects of industrial upgrading and the digital economy on the various types of air pollutants.

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PM2.5-bound elements in Hebei Province, China: Pollution levels, source apportionment and health risks

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of lung adenocarcinoma: A retrospective observational study from North China

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of lung adenocarcinoma: A retrospective observational study from North China

Trends and Challenges Regarding the Source-Specific Health Risk of PM_2.5-Bound Metals in a Chinese Megacity from 2014 to 2020

Has Industrial Upgrading Improved Air Pollution?—Evidence from China’s Digital Economy

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PM2.5-bound elements in Hebei Province, China: Pollution levels, source apportionment and health risks

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of lung adenocarcinoma: A retrospective observational study from North China

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of lung adenocarcinoma: A retrospective observational study from North China

Trends and Challenges Regarding the Source-Specific Health Risk of PM2.5-Bound Metals in a Chinese Megacity from 2014 to 2020

Has Industrial Upgrading Improved Air Pollution?—Evidence from China’s Digital Economy

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Trends and Challenges Regarding the Source-Specific Health Risk of PM_2.5-Bound Metals in a Chinese Megacity from 2014 to 2020