PM1 Chemical Characterization during the ACU15 Campaign, South of Mexico City

Salcedo, D.; Álvarez-Ospina, Harry; Peralta, Oscar; Castro, T.

doi:10.3390/atmos9060232

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Afterwards, Table I presents mean, median, and standard deviations for the determined concentrations, for the three campaigns. While the 2015 basic statistics complement the results given by Salcedo et al (2018), the 2016 statistics has been described previously (Hernández-López et al 2016, Hernández-López et al 2018. The PM 2.5 official Mexican standard (SSA 2014) was never exceeded in 2015 and 2016.…”

Section: Chemical Analyses Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

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A Study of PM2.5 Elemental Composition in Southwest Mexico City and Development of Receptor Models With Positive Matrix Factorization

Hernández-López

Miranda

Múgica-Álvarez

et al. 2020

RICA

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A study of elemental composition of PM2.5 samples collected at the main campus of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, comprising data from 2015, 2016, and 2019, is described. X-ray fluorescence analysis was employed to measure concentrations of up to 19 elements, complemented with ion chromatography for eight ionic species (for samples of 2015 and 2016), and thermo-optical analysis for organic and elemental carbon (for samples of 2015). Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to develop receptor models for each year, to identify polluting sources and their contributions to total mass. Five sources were identified in every case. With the aid of PMF, the influence of biomass burning on a major episode in May, 2019, was recognized. Comparisons with previous studies in this or nearby sites are also presented. It should be noted that only limited compositional data in this site are available since 2005 for the aerosol fine fraction.

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Section: Chemical Analyses Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The details of the 2015 campaign are thoroughly described by Salcedo et al (2018). The samples were collected during dry-winter season, from January 16 to March 26, 2015, daily from 8:00 h to 7:00 h of the next day (23 h), including weekends, during the whole campaign.…”

Section: Sampling Periods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of PM2.5 Elemental Composition in Southwest Mexico City and Development of Receptor Models With Positive Matrix Factorization

Hernández-López

Miranda

Múgica-Álvarez

et al. 2020

RICA

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“…Another field study conducted from January to March of 2015 showed that the PM 1 mass concentration measured in the south side of the city was lower than those measured in the north and east sides; the aerosols were also more aged, consistent with the location of the PM sources and their precursors in the city, as well as the meteorological patterns [52]. These findings point out that the formation of secondary aerosols might have a substantial spatial variability that needs to be further investigated.…”

Section: Ambient Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Currently, emissions are relatively well controlled for large industries, but not for the medium, small, and micro industries. However, the large industrial Tula-Tepeji corridor, located about 70 km northwest of the MCMA center, is still the main source of SO 2 and particulate sulfate in Mexico City [51,52].…”

Section: Reduction Of Emissions In Industries and Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience from Integrated Air Quality Management in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area and Singapore

Molina

Velasco²,

Retama³

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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More than half of the world’s population now lives in cities as a result of unprecedented urbanization during the second half of the 20th century. The urban population is projected to increase to 68% by 2050, with most of the increase occurring in Asia and Africa. Population growth and increased energy consumption in urban areas lead to high levels of atmospheric pollutants that harm human health, cause regional haze, damage crops, contribute to climate change, and ultimately threaten the society’s sustainability. This article reviews the air quality and compares the policies implemented in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) and Singapore and offers insights into the complexity of managing air pollution to protect public health and the environment. While the differences in the governance, economics, and culture of the two cities greatly influence the decision-making process, both have made much progress in reducing concentrations of harmful pollutants by implementing comprehensive integrated air quality management programs. The experience and the lessons learned from the MCMA and Singapore can be valuable for other urban centers, especially in the fast-growing Asia-Pacific region confronting similar air pollution problems.

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“…The mean contribution of HOA-2 to OA was 18% (2.5 μg m −3 ), with a daily peak concentration of 5.4 μg m −3 , while its mean contribution was the highest among components for winds of the SW-NW sector (28%). The combined fraction of the two HOA components was 30% (Figure 6a), which is a large fossil fuel combustion contribution compared to other urban locations [122][123][124][125], but nevertheless reasonable, considering the central placement of the site in a particle pollution hotspot. HOA-2: While the profiles of HOA-2 and HOA-1 had similar main features (i.e., primary hydrocarbon fragments), the former appears to be slightly more oxidized, with relatively enhanced contributions at m/z 44 and 18, most likely suggesting a longer atmospheric residence time compared to the more local HOA-1.…”

Section: Winter Periodmentioning

confidence: 70%

Online Chemical Characterization and Sources of Submicron Aerosol in the Major Mediterranean Port City of Piraeus, Greece

et al. 2021

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Port cities are affected by a wide array of emissions, including those from the shipping, road transport, and residential sectors; therefore, the characterization and apportionment of such sources in a high temporal resolution is crucial. This study presents measurements of fine aerosol chemical composition in Piraeus, one of the largest European ports, during two monthly periods (winter vs. summer) in 2018–2019, using online instrumentation (Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor—ACSM, 7-λ aethalometer). PMF source apportionment was performed on the ACSM mass spectra to quantify organic aerosol (OA) components, while equivalent black carbon (BC) was decomposed to its fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning (BB) fractions. The combined traffic, shipping and, especially, residential emissions led to considerably elevated submicron aerosol levels (22.8 μg m−3) in winter, which frequently became episodic late at night under stagnant conditions. Carbonaceous compounds comprised the major portion of this submicron aerosol in winter, with mean OA and BC contributions of 61% (13.9 μg m−3) and 16% (3.7 μg m−3), respectively. The contribution of BB to BC concentrations was considerable and spatially uniform. OA related to BB emissions (fresh and processed) and hydrocarbon-like OA (from vehicular traffic and port-related fossil fuel emissions including shipping) accounted for 37% and 30% of OA, respectively. In summer, the average PM1 concentration was significantly lower (14.8 μg m−3) and less variable, especially for the components associated with secondary aerosols (such as OA and sulfate). The effect of the port sector was evident in summer and maintained BC concentrations at high levels (2.8 μg m−3), despite the absence of BB and improved atmospheric dispersion. Oxygenated components yielded over 70% of OA in summer, with the more oxidized secondary component of regional origin being dominant (41%) despite the intensity of local sources, in the Piraeus environment. In general, with respect to local sources that can be the target of mitigation policies, this work highlights the importance of port-related activities but also reveals the extensive wintertime impact of residential wood burning. While a separation of the BB source is feasible, more research is needed on how to disentangle the short-term effects of different fossil-fuel combustion sources.

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PM1 Chemical Characterization during the ACU15 Campaign, South of Mexico City

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

A Study of PM2.5 Elemental Composition in Southwest Mexico City and Development of Receptor Models With Positive Matrix Factorization

A Study of PM2.5 Elemental Composition in Southwest Mexico City and Development of Receptor Models With Positive Matrix Factorization

Experience from Integrated Air Quality Management in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area and Singapore

Online Chemical Characterization and Sources of Submicron Aerosol in the Major Mediterranean Port City of Piraeus, Greece

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