PM Concentration and Size Distributions from a Heavy-duty Diesel Engine Programmed with Different Engine-out Calibrations to Meet the 2010 Emission Limits

Ardanese, Raffaello; Ardanese, Michelangelo; Besch, Marc; Adams, Theodore R.; Thiruvengadam, Arvind; Shade, Benjamin C.; Gautam, Mridul; Oshinuga, Adewale; Miyasato, Matt

doi:10.4271/2009-01-1183

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…HDDEs show remarkable nucleation modes if compared to non-equipped ones (Ardanese, et al, 2009). This result is related to the capacity of solid particles to absorb the volatile compounds and prevent them from nucleation.…”

Section: Effect Of Aftertreatment Components On Pm Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation of PM Formation and Evolution in Plumes Emitted by Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles: Wind Tunnel Study

Littera¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

I would like to dedicate this work to my parents and all the people who allowed me to pursue this dream; their support has and still is fundamental to me. Vorrei dedicare questa tesi ai miei genitori e tutte le persone che mi hanno permesso di seguire questo sogno, il loro supporto è stato ed è ancora fondamentale per me. iv Acknowledgements The intensity and extensions of this work couldn't have been managed simply by me. I would like to thank every single graduate student, technician, engineer, and faculty that participated in this project. My special thanks goes to Dr. Mridul Gautam, who believed in this idea, and me. In addition, Dr. Daniel Carder who helped me in the everyday decisions necessary to achieve this goal. It has been a wonderful experience that taught me the value of the people surrounding me, and how their help can surprise you every day. v

show abstract

Section: Effect Of Aftertreatment Components On Pm Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Over the past decade, heavy-duty diesel engine (HDDE) gaseous and PM emissions have significantly reduced (Englert, 2004) (Ardanese, et al, 2009) (Littera, et al, 2011).…”

Section: Chapter 1: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of PM Formation and Evolution in Plumes Emitted by Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles: Wind Tunnel Study

Littera¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…If it is true that efforts have been dedicated to the development of combustion modes capable of limiting pollutants engine-out levels, it is also true that with the introduction of the US-EPA 2007 and 2010 heavy-duty emission standards the control strategies employed in HDD engines changed considerably due to the adoption of exhaust aftertreatment systems [31,32].…”

Section: 1 In-cylinder Emission Reduction Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the implementation and calibration of a SCR system can result in a difficult and resource-consuming task, one of the main advantages offered by the adoption of this technology is represented by the possibility to de-couple tailpipe and engine-out emissions [24]; the high NO x removal efficiency enables the implementation of engine calibrations aimed at maximizing thermal efficiency and fuel economy [32,7].…”

Section: Selective Catalytic Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PM mass concentration entering the filter is at first divided in two components by using the "partition coefficient" defined in [106] and computed as equation 3. 32. This coefficient ranges between 0 (clean filter, pure deep bed filtration) and 1 (pure cake layer deposition) and its value is determined considering the wall surface condition x=0which is representative of the collection mechanism.…”

Section: Partition Between Wall and Cake Layer Pm Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Advanced DOC-DPF Model to Predict Soot Accumulation and Pressure Drop in Diesel Particulate Filters

Cozzolini¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs) are regarded as the most effective technology to reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions from modern diesel engines. PM mass collected inside the filter needs to be periodically oxidized to clean the porous walls in order to avoid excessive backpressure that could negatively affect engine and turbocharger performances leading to higher fuel consumption. Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOCs), on the other hand, represent an effective means to reduce hydrocarbon (HC) emissions and set the proper chemical conditions at the inlet of the DPF to enhance soot oxidation during filter regeneration. Due to the impact that these devices have on tailpipe emissions, monitoring functions aimed at assessing the health of these systems need to be implemented in the engine on-board diagnostics (OBD) system. Further, in-depth understanding of filtration and regeneration mechanisms, together with the ability of predicting actual DPF loading conditions, could play a key role in optimizing regeneration strategies adopted to keep the particulate filter within safe operating conditions. Hence, the use of real-time, yet accurate models is of primary importance to face with advanced control challenges, such as the integration of DOCs and DPFs with the engine or other critical aftertreatment components, or to properly develop model-based OBD monitors. This study aims at addressing the challenges related with real-time modeling of both DOCs and DPFs with special regard to the calibration of key parameters. At first, the development of a 1-D model for the diesel oxidation catalyst is presented;: two different approaches representing two different trade-offs in terms of model complexity/speed are discussed and analyzed. A 1-D model of a DPF is then presented, addressing the coupling of filtration and regeneration over cake, washcoat and wall thicknesses. Moreover, the approach followed to develop the DPF model is innovative as it is directly integrated via analytical functions, thus improving the discretized approach used in similar models. Finally, an innovative model tuning methodology called Virtual Conditioning is presented and applied to generate robust model calibrations. Numerical results are compared with experimental data gathered at West Virginia University's (WVU) Engine and Emissions Research Laboratory (EERL) using a Mack heavy-duty diesel engine coupled to a Johnson Matthey C-CRT aftertreatment system. The study shows that: a) DOC model is capable of replicating measured outlet emissions concentrations with an accuracy of 15% and minimal computational requirements over both steady-state and transient operating conditions; b) DPF wall and washcoat layer present different regeneration and collection dynamics, whose behavior is important to capture filter pressure drop and temporal evolution of the collected mass; c) advanced filtration and regeneration process treatment in the wall together with a robust calibration process allow for the use of constant model parameters to replicate combinations of ...

show abstract

Influence of Real-World Engine Load Conditions on Nanoparticle Emissions from a DPF and SCR Equipped Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

Thiruvengadam

Besch

Carder

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The experiments aimed at investigating the effect of real-world engine load conditions on nanoparticle emissions from a Diesel Particulate Filter and Selective Catalytic Reduction after-treatment system (DPF-SCR) equipped heavy-duty diesel engine. The results showed the emission of nucleation mode particles in the size range of 6-15 nm at conditions with high exhaust temperatures. A direct result of higher exhaust temperatures (over 380 °C) contributing to higher concentration of nucleation mode nanoparticles is presented in this study. The action of an SCR catalyst with urea injection was found to increase the particle number count by over an order of magnitude in comparison to DPF out particle concentrations. Engine operations resulting in exhaust temperatures below 380 °C did not contribute to significant nucleation mode nanoparticle concentrations. The study further suggests the fact that SCR-equipped engines operating within the Not-To-Exceed (NTE) zone over a critical exhaust temperature and under favorable ambient dilution conditions could contribute to high nanoparticle concentrations to the environment. Also, some of the high temperature modes resulted in DPF out accumulation mode (between 50 and 200 nm) particle concentrations an order of magnitude greater than typical background PM concentrations. This leads to the conclusion that sustained NTE operation could trigger high temperature passive regeneration which in turn would result in lower filtration efficiencies of the DPF that further contributes to the increased solid fraction of the PM number count.

show abstract

PM Concentration and Size Distributions from a Heavy-duty Diesel Engine Programmed with Different Engine-out Calibrations to Meet the 2010 Emission Limits

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Investigation of PM Formation and Evolution in Plumes Emitted by Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles: Wind Tunnel Study

Investigation of PM Formation and Evolution in Plumes Emitted by Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles: Wind Tunnel Study

Advanced DOC-DPF Model to Predict Soot Accumulation and Pressure Drop in Diesel Particulate Filters

Influence of Real-World Engine Load Conditions on Nanoparticle Emissions from a DPF and SCR Equipped Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About