PM 2.5 in China: Measurements, sources, visibility and health effects, and mitigation

Pui, David Y.H.; Chen, Sheng Chieh; Zuo, Zhengxing

doi:10.1016/j.partic.2013.11.001

Cited by 694 publications

(313 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…14 C results indicated that the contribution of biomass-burning and biogenic emissions to the WINSOC and EC accounted for 63% and 48%, respectively, which was 10% lower than the south wind. In recent years, the BTH region has been considered as the most severely polluted area in China and industrial emissions, coal burning and automobile emissions are considered as major contributors (Pui et al, 2014;Sun et al, 2014). The high contribution of biomass-burning emission suggests weak impact of carbonaceous aerosols emitted from the BTH region on the air quality at the sampling site.…”

Section: Intraday Fluctuation Of Tsp Pm 25 and Carbonaceous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon-based impact assessment of open biomass burning on regional carbonaceous aerosols in North China

Zong

Chen

Tian

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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• PM 2.5 and TSP samples collected at Yellow River Delta were analyzed for OC and EC.• OC, EC, TSP and PM 2.5 concentrations were higher in daytime than in nighttime.• Radiocarbon ( 14 C) tracer, backward trajectories, and fire counts were used for the analysis.• Agricultural waste open burning was a main contributor to summer PM 2.5 , OC and EC. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Samples of total suspended particulates (TSPs) and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) were collected from 29th May to 1st July, 2013 at a regional background site in Bohai Rim, North China. Mass concentrations of particulate matter and carbonaceous species showed a total of 50% and 97% of the measured TSP and PM 2.5 levels exceeded the first grade national standard of China, respectively. Daily concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were detected 7.3 and 2.5 μg m −3 in TSP and 5.2 and 2.0 μg m −3 in PM 2.5 , which accounted 5.8% and 2.0% of TSP while 5.6% and 2.2% for PM 2.5 , respectively. The concentrations of OC, EC, TSP and PM 2.5 were observed higher in the day time than those in the night time. The observations were associated with the emission variations from anthropogenic activities. Two merged samples representing from south and north source areas were selected for radiocarbon analysis. The radiocarbon measurements showed 74% of water-insoluble OC (WINSOC) and 59% of EC in PM 2.5 derived from biomass burning and biogenic sources when the air masses were from south region, and 63% and 48% for the air masses from north, respectively. Combined with backward trajectories and daily burned area, open burning of agricultural wastes was found to be predominating, which was confirmed by the potential source contribution function (PSCF).

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Section: Intraday Fluctuation Of Tsp Pm 25 and Carbonaceous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon-based impact assessment of open biomass burning on regional carbonaceous aerosols in North China

Zong

Chen

Tian

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Good visibility, the ability to see and recognize objects situated on the ground at more than 5.0 km distance, is essential for the safety of all transport sectors including ground, air, and maritime [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Moreover, visibility can reflect changes in meteorological and air quality conditions and their impact on human health [13][14][15]. Several studies [2,3,8,13,14,16,17] have analyzed poor visibility records across the world to understand their variability in time and space and the specific triggers that may lead to such degradation [3,13,[18][19][20] through an assessment of long-term visibility data from different geographic locations [3,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Long-Term Variability of Poor Visibility Events in the UAE and the Link with Climate Dynamics

Aldababseh

Temimi

2017

Atmosphere

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Abstract:The goal of this study is to investigate the variability of poor visibility events occurring hourly in the UAE and their relationship to climate dynamics. Hourly visibility observation data spanning more than three decades from ten stations across the country were used. Four intervals of low visibility, between 0.10 km and 5.0 km, were considered. Poor visibility records were analyzed under wet and dry weather conditions. The Mann-Kendall test was used to assess the inferred trends of low visibility records. The relationships between poor visibility measurements and associated meteorological variables and climate oscillations were also investigated. Results show that Fujairah city has the highest average visibility values under wet weather conditions, while Abu Dhabi city has the lowest average visibility values under both wet and dry conditions. Wet weather conditions had a greater impact than dry weather conditions on visibility deterioration in seven out of the ten stations. Results confirm that fog and dust contribute significantly to the deterioration of visibility in the UAE and that Abu Dhabi has been more impacted by those events than Dubai. Furthermore, the numbers of fog and dust events show steep increasing trends for both cities. A change point in poor visibility records triggered by fog and dust events was detected around the year 1999 at Abu Dhabi and Dubai stations after the application of the cumulative sum method. Increasing shifts in the means and the variances were noticed in the total annual fog events when Student's t-test and Levene's test were applied. In Abu Dhabi, the mean annual number of dust events was approximately 112.5 before 1999, increasing to 337 dust events after 1999. In Dubai, the number of dust events increased from around 85.5 to 315.6 events. The inferred fog and dust trends were compared to four climate indices. Results showed a significant correlation (positive and negative) between four climate indices and the occurrence of fog and dust events in the UAE.

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“…. Estimated percentage increase and 95% confidence interval (CI) in total (nonaccidental) and cause specific mortality associated with each 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 (Pui et al, 2014). …”

Section: 연구기법mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Recent PM<sub>2.5</sub> Studies in China

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

et al. 2015

Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment

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PM 2.5 in China: Measurements, sources, visibility and health effects, and mitigation

Cited by 694 publications

References 170 publications

Radiocarbon-based impact assessment of open biomass burning on regional carbonaceous aerosols in North China

Radiocarbon-based impact assessment of open biomass burning on regional carbonaceous aerosols in North China

Analysis of the Long-Term Variability of Poor Visibility Events in the UAE and the Link with Climate Dynamics

Review on the Recent PM<sub>2.5</sub> Studies in China

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