PLUVIUS: a generalized one-dimensional model of reactive pollutant behavior, including dry deposition, precipitation formation, and wet removal. Second edition

Abstract

PNL-4046 ED 2 UC-ll Although the research described in this article has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), it has not been subjected to EPA review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of EPA and no official endorsement should be inferred.

Description of the Mountain Cloud Chemistry Program version of the PLUVIUS MOD 5. 0 reactive storm simulation model

“…The chemistry included in MCCP PLUVIUS is more detailed than the chemistry included in the example applications given in Easter and Hales (1984). Modeled species include so 2 , o 3 , H 2 o 2 , formaldehyde (HCHO), hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMSA), sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium, with the last two species existing in aerosol, gaseous, and aqueous forms.…”

“…The PLUVIUS MOD 5.0 code (Easter and Hales 1984) is a one-dimensional reactive storm simulation model that can simulate the formation of various types of storm systems and can characterize the behavior of air pollutants as they flow through, react within, and are scavenged or deposited by storms. The MCCP version of this code, called MCCP PLUVIUS, includes the relevant chemical reactions to simulate in-cloud processes leading to chemical transformations and cloud water deposition in shallow, nonprecipitating orographic clouds.…”

“…This report is intended to be used in conjunction with the definitive report by Easter and Hales (1984}, which provides a complete technical description of the PLUV!US MOD 5.0 model. To the extent possible, the organization of the present document follows the outline of the earlier report, especially in regard to Example Application 2.…”

“…The term S(IV) refers to all forms of so 2 in the aqueous phase, so 223.4 INPUT DATA Input data for this example application are given in Table 7. The input file is similar in form to that reported in the PLUVIUS MOD 5.0 User's Guide (Easter and Hales 1984), with the addition of some variables at the end. Most of the initial data is read by the PLUVIUS Class II main program in the section that is reproduced in Table 8.…”

Application and sensitivity studies of the orographic cloud model MCCP (Mountain Cloud Chemistry Program) PLUVIUS

“…MCCP PLUVJUS is a customized version of the PLUVIUS MOD 5.D onedimensional reactive storm model developed and described by Easter and Hales (1984). MCCP PLUVIUS includes the relevant parameterizations to simulate in-cloud processes leading to chemical transformations and cloud water deposition in shallow, nonprecipitating orographic clouds.…”