Plutonium in North Atlantic Ocean Organisms Ecological Relationships.

Amchitka Radiobiological Program. Final report, July 1970-December 1979

“…Amchitka are similar to analyses of comparable samples from the Atlantic Coast (Noshkin et al, 1973), California (Wong et al, 1972), and Washington (Nelson and Seymour,l975). Therefore, the source of plutonium on Amchitka is believed to be worldwide fallout.…”

Ecotoxicity literature review of selected Hanford Site contaminants

“…Freshwater studies indicate that plutonium is concentrated in algae but decreases by about a factor of 10 at each trophic level in the food chain (Noshkin et al 1973;Hanson 1975). Concentration ratios for algae range between about 2.8 x 102 to 5 x 106 on a wet weight basis (Noshkin et al 1973;Hanson 1975). Transfer of plutonium from water to seston was very high (1.7 x 104 to 1 x 106) in freshwater systems at the Rocky Flats plutonium fabrication plant, Golden, Colorado.…”

Americium and plutonium in water, biota, and sediment from the central Oregon coast

“…Noshkin et al 1971 h Ba 11 estra-1980estra- d Bowen etaf~-1976 Livingston and Bowen 1976 e Goldberg 'ef al. 1978 ()1 those determinations for which stratospheric fallout (rather than reactor effluent or close-in fallout, which may exist in different chemical forms) is presumed to be the source.…”