Plutonium from Chernobyl in Poland

Radionuclides from Chernobyl hot particles in the environment of North-Eastern Poland - A leaching experiment

“…The results on total activity of all those radionuclides (and for 134 Cs) are presented in Table 1. Observed activities do not differ much from the typical values found on this area before [3,4,16,19]. This confirms the previous suggestions on quasi-homogenious deposition of small hot particles [3] fallout on this area.…”

“…In Fig. 6 the Chernobyl fraction of plutonium calculated on the basis of 238 Pu to 239+240 Pu activity ration analyses [4] is presented. As one could expect, Chernobyl plutonium is relatively a little more abundant in surface layers than in deeper ones.…”

“…The separation order was: Cs before any radiochemistry, Th and Pu, Sr, U, rare earths and Am -Cm. Plutonium and thorium were separated after the adjustment of the Pu oxidation step [14] using DOWEX-1 anion exchange pressurised columns [4] when the samples were dissolved in 8 M HNO3. Strontium was separated just from 8 M HNO3 effluent using Sr-resin produced by Eichrom Ltd., and the polyethylene columns long for 9 cm and having 7 mm of inner diameter.…”

“…The fallout density, calculated from observed plutonium activity, gave approximately 2500 HPs per square meter [4], if the particle size was assumed to be equal to 4.4 um [5,6]. Those particles should be rather classified as "explosion origin" [7] particles.…”

Plutonium isotopes in ecosystem of a running shallow lake

“…The impact of plutonium sources of the global and Chernobyl fallouts on the environment was estimated using a simple set of equations [19] …”