PLUNC Proteins Positivity in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Case-Control Study

Passàli, Desiderio; Sarafoleanu, Codruț; Manea, Claudiu; Loglisci, Michele; Passàli, Francesco Maria; Cambi, Jacopo; Iosif, Cristina; Panaitescu, Eugenia; Bellussi, Luisa

doi:10.1155/2014/853583

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Levels of SPLUNC1 are lower in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis, subjects exposed to cigarette smoke and in workers exposed to epoxy chemicals [137,[145][146]. Similar results are seen in subjects with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps [147][148]. SPLUNC1 has also been shown to enhance recruitment of leukocytes and elevate phagocytic activity in the lungs of mice after exposure to carbon nano tubes, but in the same time reduce the subsequent chronic inflammation [149].…”

Section: Splunc1mentioning

confidence: 63%

Upper Airway Mucosal Inflammation : Proteomic Studies after Exposure to Irritants and Microbial Agents

Fornander¹

2015

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People are, in their daily lives, exposed to a number of airborne foreign compounds that do not normally affect the body. However, depending on the nature of these compounds, dose and duration of exposure, various airway symptoms may arise. Early symptoms are often manifested as upper airway mucosal inflammation which generates changes in protein composition in the airway lining fluid.This thesis aims at identifying, understanding mechanisms and characterizing protein alterations in the upper airway mucosa that can be used as potential new biomarkers for inflammation in the mucosa. The protein composition in the mucosa was studied by sampling of nasal lavage fluid that was further analyzed with a proteomic approach using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Additionally, by studying factors on site through environmental examination, health questionnaires and biological analyses, we have tried to understand the background to these protein alterations and their impact on health.Respiratory symptoms from the upper airways are common among people who are exposed to irritative and microbial agents. This thesis have focused on personnel in swimming pool facilities exposed to trichloramine, metal industry workers exposed to metalworking fluids, employees working in damp and moldy buildings and infants diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus infection. The common denominator in these four studies is that the subjects experience upper airway mucosal inflammation, which is manifested as cough, rhinitis, phlegm etc. In the three occupational studies, the symptoms were work related. Notably, a high prevalence of perceived mucosal symptoms was shown despite the relatively low levels of airborne irritants revealed by the environmental examination. Protein profiling verified an ongoing inflammatory response by identification of several proteins that displayed altered levels. Interestingly, innate immune proteins dominated and four protein alterations occurred in most of the studies; SPLUNC1, protein S100A8 and S100A9 and alpha-1-antitrypsin. Similarly, these proteins were also found in nasal fluid from children with virus infection and in addition a truncated form of SPLUNC1 and two other S100 proteins (S100A7-like 2 and S100A16), not previously found in nasal secretion, were identified.Altogether, the results indicate the potential use of a proteomic approach for identifying new biomarkers for the upper respiratory tract at an early stage in the disease process after exposure to irritant and microbial agents. The results indicate an effect on the innate immunity system and the proteins; SPLUNC1, protein S100A8 and S100A9 and alpha-1-antitrypsin are especially promising new biomarkers. Moreover, further studies of these proteins may help us to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in irritant-induced airway inflammation. POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING FÖRÄNDRAD PROTEINSAMMANSÄTTNING I DE ÖVRE LUFTVÄGARNA EFTER EXPONERING FÖR SLEMHINNEIRRITERANDE ÄMNENVarje dag utsätts vi för partikla...

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Section: Splunc1mentioning

confidence: 63%

Upper Airway Mucosal Inflammation : Proteomic Studies after Exposure to Irritants and Microbial Agents

Fornander¹

2015

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“…11 The data so far available about PLUNC reveal a multifunctional protein, which plays a novel role in airway defense at the air/liquid interface. Thus, PLUNC has been shown to be induced and upregulated during microbial infection 12 and its expression is also upregulated after neuronal injury. 13 In cases of cystic fibrosis, PLUNC is also upregulated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Palate Lung Nasal Clone (PLUNC), a Novel Protein of the Tear Film: Three-Dimensional Structure, Immune Activation, and Involvement in Dry Eye Disease (DED)

Schicht

Rausch

Beron

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Citation: Schicht M, Rausch F, Beron M, et al. Palate lung nasal clone (PLUNC), a novel protein of the tear film: three-dimensional structure, immune activation, and involvement in dry eye disease (DED). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56:7312-7323. DOI:10.1167/iovs.15-17560 PURPOSE. Palate Lung Nasal Clone (PLUNC) is a hydrophobic protein belonging to the family of surfactant proteins that is involved in fluid balance regulation of the lung. Moreover, it is known to directly act against gram-negative bacteria. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible expression and antimicrobial role of PLUNC at the healthy ocular surface and in tears of patients suffering from dry eye disease (DED).METHODS. Bioinformatics and biochemical and immunologic methods were combined to elucidate the structure and function of PLUNC at the ocular surface. Tissue-specific localization was performed by using immunohistochemistry. The PLUNC levels in tear samples from non-Sjögren's DED patients with moderate dry eye suffering either from hyperevaporation or tear deficiency were analyzed by ELISA and compared with tears from healthy volunteers.RESULTS. Palate Lung Nasal Clone is expressed under healthy conditions at the ocular surface and secreted into the tear film. Protein modeling studies and molecular dynamics simulations performed indicated surface activity of PLUNC. In vitro experiments revealed that proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial supernatants have only a slight effect on the expression of PLUNC in HCE and HCjE cell lines. In tears from DED patients, the PLUNC concentration is significantly increased (7-fold in evaporative dry eye tears and 17-fold in tears from patients with tear deficiency) compared with healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS.The results show that PLUNC is a protein of the tear film and suggest that it plays a role in fluid balance and surface tension regulation at the ocular surface.

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“…These two proteins seem to be related from a structural point of view and they may have antagonistic ways of action 1,3 . LBP binds LPS and determines cellular host reactions to LPS, while BPI binds LPS, but it has a role of reducing cellular responses 4 . By this mechanism, a balance is maintained in the response to bacterial action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of PLUNC proteins in the etiopathogeny of chronic rhinosinusitis

Manea

Sarafoleanu

Iosif

et al. 2015

Romanian Journal of Rhinology

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BACKGROUND. Innate immunity represents the first way of protection against different pathogenic agents. Recently, it has been a permanent interest regarding an innate immune molecule, that is known as palate, lung, nasal epithelial clone (PLUNC). PLUNC is a specific result found in the airways, of approximately 25 kDa, whose encoding is realized by adjacent genes located within a region of 300 kb in chromosome 20; these proteins must be detected predominantly in the superior respiratory tract.MATERIAL AND METHODS. We performed a prospective clinical study on 34 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and 10 controls, in order to investigate the expression of this protein in nasal tissue of patients affected by chronic rhinosinusitis. We tested the correlation between the existence of this disease and PLUNC proteins positivity.RESULTS. 100% of controls have a+++ rated PLUNC proteins positivity, while cases have a lower percentage of positivity. There were no differences statistically significant between patients with CRSwNP and those with CRSsNP.CONCLUSION. As a response to different irritating agents (bacteria, viruses, chemical factors), nasal mucosa will react by producing PLUNC proteins. PLUNC proteins have a defensive role in the upper airways mucosa.

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PLUNC Proteins Positivity in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Case-Control Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Upper Airway Mucosal Inflammation : Proteomic Studies after Exposure to Irritants and Microbial Agents

Upper Airway Mucosal Inflammation : Proteomic Studies after Exposure to Irritants and Microbial Agents

Palate Lung Nasal Clone (PLUNC), a Novel Protein of the Tear Film: Three-Dimensional Structure, Immune Activation, and Involvement in Dry Eye Disease (DED)

The role of PLUNC proteins in the etiopathogeny of chronic rhinosinusitis

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