Ploidy determination of Canadida albicans

Olaiya, A F; Sogin, S. J.

doi:10.1128/jb.140.3.1043-1049.1979

Cited by 98 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Eukaryotic microorganisms with a haploid genome exhibit a greater sensitivity to ultraviolet (u, v.) radiation and other mutagenic agents than diploid cells (Olaiya and Sogin, 1979;Sarachek and Lucke, 1953). Since most mutations are recessive, two hits, or one hit followed by u.v.-induced mitotic crossover to render the allele homozygous, are required to disable essential genes in diploid organisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, characterization, and genetic analysis of monosomic, aneuploid mutants of Candida albicans

Barton¹,

Gull²

1992

Molecular Microbiology

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A white, prototrophic Candida albicans strain, heterozygous for the ADE2 gene (ade2/ADE2), was treated with the antimitotic agent methyl benzimidazole carbamate, and yielded red, adenine-requiring colonies at a rate of 4 x 10(-3), an order of magnitude higher than the spontaneous rate of Ade- colony formation. These red Ade- colonies were small, growing at approximately half the rate of the parent strain, and gave rise to large red colonies spontaneously. When the chromosomes of the small red colonies were separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, the band hybridizing with the ADE2 gene was diminished in staining intensity by half relative to the parent and large red-colony strains. Restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis and auxotrophic mutant spectra after mutagenesis suggested that the small red Ade- strains were monosomic aneuploids lacking one of a pair of chromosome homologues, while the large red strains had regained a homologue, presumably via a second non-disjunction event. Parasexual genetic analysis of two of the auxotrophs isolated from a putative aneuploid suggested that both mutations were linked to the ADE2 gene. These experiments suggest that targeted chromosome loss and monosomic, aneuploid strains have the potential to extend the scope of genetic analysis in this diploid, asexual organism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, characterization, and genetic analysis of monosomic, aneuploid mutants of Candida albicans

Barton¹,

Gull²

1992

Molecular Microbiology

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“…Having demonstrated the extensive conservation of regulatory mechanisms between Saccharomyces and Schwanniomyces here, we feel it likely that Candida must also share common mechanisms with Saccharomyces, and even more so with Schwanniomyces. Thus study of the pathogenic yeast, made difficult in part because the organism is diploid with no known sexual cycle (Olaiya and Sogin, 1979;Whalen et al, 1980), may be augmented by the knowledge of this close relationship and the attendant assumption of the conservation of regulatory mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the cytochrome c gene from the starch‐fermenting yeast Schwanniomyces occidentalis and its expression in bakers's yeast

Amegadzie

Zitomer

Hollenberg

1990

Yeast

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A cytochrome c protein gene, CYC10, of the dextran- and starch-fermenting yeast, Schwanniomyces occidentalis was cloned and characterized. The DNA sequence was determined, and the predicted amino acid sequence of the protein-coding region shares close homologies to the cytochrome c genes. A S. occidentalis strain with a disruption of the gene revealed that CYC10 was the only functional cytochrome c protein-encoding gene in S. occidentalis, unlike the two cytochrome c protein genes (CYC1 and CYC7) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The CYC10 gene was oxygen-induced but not subject to catabolite repression. The expression of the CYC10 gene was studied in the heterologous yeast S. cerevisiae. The oxygen induction of the gene was found to be identical to that of the CYC1 gene, indicating that these two genes share similar or closely related cis- and trans-acting oxygen regulatory elements. However, the CYC10 gene was glucose repressed in S. cerevisiae strains; a phenomenon which was not observed in the native S. occidentalis cells. Search in the 5' untranslated region of the CYC10 gene revealed some homologies at -425 to -405 to UAS1 of the S. cerevisiae CYC1 gene. A deletion of a segment of upstream region including this sequence abolished expression in S. cerevisiae. Finally the phylogenetic relationships of different yeasts and fungi were determined based upon the amino acid sequences of the cytochrome c proteins. These relationships do not completely agree with classical divisions.

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“…The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans is a diploid organism (Olaiya and Sogin, 1979) that, according to population studies, reproduces mainly by clonal propagation while exhibiting some recombination (Pujol et al ., 1993; Gräser et al ., 1996; Odds et al ., 2007). Nonetheless, phenotypic and genotypic variability can be extensive following growth in vitro or in vivo clonal propagation (Sudbery et al ., 2004; Magee, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rad52 function prevents chromosome loss and truncation in Candida albicans

Andaluz

Bellido

Gómez-Raja

et al. 2011

Molecular Microbiology

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Summary RAD52 is required for almost all recombination events in S. cerevisiae. We took advantage of the heterozygosity of HIS4 in the C. albicans SC5314 lineage to study the role of Rad52 in the genomic stability of this important fungal pathogen. The rate of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at HIS4 in rad52-ΔΔ strains was ~10−3, at least 100-fold higher than in Rad52+ strains. LOH of whole chromosome 4 or truncation of the homologue that carries the functional HIS4 allele was detected in all 80 rad52-ΔΔ His auxotrophs (GLH –GL lab His−) obtained from six independent experiments. Isolates that had undergone whole chromosome LOH, presumably due to loss of chromosome, carried two copies of the remaining homolog. Isolates with truncations carried centric fragments of broken chromosomes healed by de novo telomere addition. GLH strains exhibited variable degrees of LOH across the genome, including two strains that became homozygous for all the heterozygous markers tested. In addition, GLH strains exhibited increased chromosomal instability (CIN), which was abolished by reintroduction of RAD52. CIN of GLH isolates is reminiscent of genomic alterations leading to cancer in human cells, and support the mutator hypothesis in which a mutator mutation or CIN phenotype facilitate more mutations/aneuploidies.

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Ploidy determination of Canadida albicans

Cited by 98 publications

References 11 publications

Isolation, characterization, and genetic analysis of monosomic, aneuploid mutants of Candida albicans

Isolation, characterization, and genetic analysis of monosomic, aneuploid mutants of Candida albicans

Characterization of the cytochrome c gene from the starch‐fermenting yeast Schwanniomyces occidentalis and its expression in bakers's yeast

Rad52 function prevents chromosome loss and truncation in Candida albicans

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