PLLA-grafted cellulose nanocrystals: Role of the CNC content and grafting on the PLA bionanocomposite film properties

Effect of surface-grafted cellulose nanocrystals on the thermal and mechanical properties of PLLA based nanocomposites

“…°C at the beginning of the peak has already been observed for PLLA-g-CNC; this indicated the grafted chains had a low molecular weight [56]. For nanocrystals modified with poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL), the melting temperature decreased by 10 °C compared with typical reported values for PCL [39].…”

“…The temperature degradation of the filled PLLA was also observed at a temperature higher than that of the neat polymer. The thermogravimetric profile of PLLA-g-CNC exhibited the lowest thermostability [56]. Indeed, the thermal degradation of PLLA-g-CNC occurred at 225 °C, compared with 260 °C for the CNCs and 310 °C for the PLLA.…”

“…Based on the melting enthalpy, the crystallinity degree  increased from 44% to 51%. Moreover, the addition of PLLA-g-CNC in the PLLA matrix also reduced the polymer's melting temperature [56].…”

Mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of PLA biocomposites toughened with silylated bamboo cellulose nanowhiskers

“…It has been produced into various products such as fibers, films, plates, rods, and screws, which makes it highly attractive for use in packaging applications . However, when comparing it to other countertype petroleum based polymers used in packaging fields, drawbacks of PLA such as relatively poor thermal resistance and brittleness limit its processing ability and wide application . As a result, the development of bionanocomposites, using a valid method to improve the physical properties of biopolymers with their intrinsic transparency, is of great significance.…”

“…Among many nanofillers employed as nano‐reinforcements for biopolymers, cellulose nanowhiskers are gaining increasing interest as a small amount of them can improve the toughness of PLA and maintain the fully degradable and transparent properties of the composite . These composites can be processed like pure PLA and used in diverse fields such as packaging applications (e.g., films, plates, fibers) and medical devices (e.g., screws, scaffolds, bones) . When compared with traditional petroleum‐based polymers, PLA/CNW composites are environmentally friendly, and they have comparable mechanical strength, better biocompatibility, and higher added‐value.…”