Pleural aspergillosis in a patient with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax: The challenge of an optimal therapeutic approach

Successful management of Aspergillus infection of an open window thoracostomy with topical liposomal amphotericin B

“…Liposomal amphotericin B in thoracic instillation has been used successfully in previous case report with reported side effect of fever and increase protein C reactive after five days of administration. [ 1 ] Different methods of administration of topical amphotericin B have been used. Purohit et al used successfully 200 mg of amphothericine B deoxycholate mixed in 4 gm of Spongostan ® to constitute a slurry that isn't available in Canada.…”

“…In less than 5%, fungus is found to be the source of pleural infection. [ 1 ] Exceptionally, Aspergillus fumigatus is identified as the pathogen. The diagnosis of pleural aspergillosis is made by demonstration of the organism in pleural effusion or in pleural biopsy.…”

“…The diagnosis of pleural aspergillosis is made by demonstration of the organism in pleural effusion or in pleural biopsy. [ 2 ] This type of infection is generally lethal if not treated, but very few evidences exist in the literature to guide the clinician towards the best treatment of an Aspergillus fumigatus empyema [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] ]. Pleural aspergillosis is a rare manifestation of invasive aspergillosis and is not necessary associated with pulmonary manifestations.…”

Spontaneous pneumothorax secondary to chronic cavitary pulmonary histoplasmosis

“…Histoplasma is not the only endemic fungus that has been reported to cause spontaneous pneumothorax. There are case reports of spontaneous pneumothorax being caused by Aspergillus, Paracoccidioides , and Coccidioides species as well [ 9 – 12 ]. Interestingly, most of these case reports involve patients who had pre-existing emphysema or otherwise bullous deformities of the lungs.…”

Isavuconazole—Animal Data and Clinical Data

“…After exclusion of reports published in non-English language or in which clinical and therapeutic data were not available for the purpose of the present review, a total of 41 cases have been included. Clinical and demographic characteristics, details of the antifungal treatment, outcome and adverse effects reported on these patients are summarized in Table 2 [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. Thirty-three out of 42 (78.5%) patients were male and the mean age was 52 years (range 20–79).…”