Plesiomonas shigelloides Infection in Southeast China

Chen, Xiao; Chen, Yu; Yang, Qing; Kong, Haishen; Yu, Fei; Han, Dongsheng; Zheng, Shufa; Cui, Dawei; Li, Lanjuan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0077877

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In other reports, Plesiomonas has been linked to two outbreaks of diarrhea involving roasted oysters, including one previously cited episode (see Table 4) (94) and an unpublished Canadian outbreak involving 18 persons (101). Epidemiologic data provided from several large-scale surveys of Plesiomonas diarrhea from Southeast Asia report that between 5% and 15.4% of patients had a recent history of consuming seafood prior to their gastrointestinal disturbances (80,84,102). Another recent case report identified porridge containing undercooked fish as the most likely source of a woman's illness (103).…”

Section: Risk Factors Associated With Plesiomonas Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…On the surface, three of these four studies suggest that Plesiomonas is more often found in association with the diarrheal disease state rather than colonization of healthy individuals. Furthermore, in two of these studies no plesiomonads were recovered from the feces of almost 1,000 asymptomatic persons (84,85). Still, these studies are not without issues.…”

Section: Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In contrast, many international studies have found Plesiomonas to be a common enteric pathogen in select patient populations. The frequency of plesiomonads recovered as enteric pathogens in diarrheal stools in these settings ranges from 2% to Ͼ10% (79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86), with the exception of one retrospective study which found the prevalence of P. shigelloides in inpatients with gastroenteritis from 2001 to 2012 in southeast China to be 0.009% (84). Most of these surveys have originated from tropical or subtropical regions of the world where warmer temperatures may allow for the persistence of plesiomonads in higher numbers in freshwater sources, leading to a greater infectivity rate.…”

Section: Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conditions proposed to be associated with plesiomonad sepsis in addition to biliary disease include cancer, cirrhosis, HIV, and bloodborne dyscrasias, such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia (4,34,84,108,109,110,111,112). The latter diseases can sometimes lead to other conditions sporadically associated with P. shigelloides bacteremia, including splenectomy (108,111) and hemochromatosis (108,113).…”

Section: Risk Factors Associated With Plesiomonas Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 5 presents cumulative data from several large retrospective or prospective investigations on P. shigelloides gastroenteritis in Southeast Asia and Africa. Plesiomonas gastroenteritis occurs in all age groups, with several studies documenting infections in infants as young as 22 days (80) to those Ͼ90 years of age (84,102). Several reports indicate that the disease may be more common in children under 5 years of age (80,83,85,102), suggesting that immunologic immaturity might be a predisposing factor to acquiring the illness.…”

Section: Gastroenteritis and Diarrheal Disease-related Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plesiomonas shigelloides Revisited

Janda¹,

2016

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SUMMARYAfter many years in the familyVibrionaceae, the genusPlesiomonas, represented by a single species,P. shigelloides, currently resides in the familyEnterobacteriaceae, although its most appropriate phylogenetic position may yet to be determined. Common environmental reservoirs for plesiomonads include freshwater ecosystems and estuaries and inhabitants of these aquatic environs. Long suspected as being an etiologic agent of bacterial gastroenteritis, convincing evidence supporting this conclusion has accumulated over the past 2 decades in the form of a series of foodborne outbreaks solely or partially attributable toP. shigelloides. The prevalence ofP. shigelloidesenteritis varies considerably, with higher rates reported from Southeast Asia and Africa and lower numbers from North America and Europe. Reasons for these differences may include hygiene conditions, dietary habits, regional occupations, or other unknown factors. Other human illnesses caused byP. shigelloidesinclude septicemia and central nervous system disease, eye infections, and a variety of miscellaneous ailments. For years, recognizable virulence factors potentially associated withP. shigelloidespathogenicity were lacking; however, several good candidates now have been reported, including a cytotoxic hemolysin, iron acquisition systems, and lipopolysaccharide. WhileP. shigelloidesis easy to identify biochemically, it is often overlooked in stool samples due to its smaller colony size or relatively low prevalence in gastrointestinal samples. However, one FDA-approved PCR-based culture-independent diagnostic test system to detect multiple enteropathogens (FilmArray) includesP. shigelloideson its panel. Plesiomonads produce β-lactamases but are typically susceptible to many first-line antimicrobial agents, including quinolones and carbapenems.

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Section: Risk Factors Associated With Plesiomonas Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Geographic Distribution and Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factors Associated With Plesiomonas Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gastroenteritis and Diarrheal Disease-related Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plesiomonas shigelloides Revisited

Janda¹,

2016

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Comparative analysis of the composition and function of fecal‐gut bacteria in captive juvenile Crocodylus siamensis between healthy and anorexic individuals

Lin

Zeng

et al. 2019

MicrobiologyOpen

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The Siamese crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis) is a freshwater, endangered crocodile with high economic value in the farming industry. Gut microflora plays an essential role in host physiological activity, and it contributes significantly to both the health and diseased states of animals. However, thus far, no study has focused on the correlation between diseases and intestinal bacterial communities in crocodilians. Here, we first compared the composition and function of gut microbial communities in captive juvenile C. siamensis suffering from anorexia and healthy crocodile controls using deep amplicon sequencing. The gut microbial diversity of anorexic crocodiles was much lower than the healthy individuals. Obvious changes in gut microbial composition were observed between sick and healthy crocodiles, except for Cetobacterium somerae of phylum Fusobacteria. In particular, the abundance of Bacteroides luti, Clostridium disporicum, Plesiomonas shigelloides, and Odoribacter sp. in the gut flora of healthy crocodiles was distinctly higher than the diseased group. Conversely, the species Edwardsiella tarda was overrepresented in the gut of anorexic crocodiles compared to the healthy group. Furthermore, in anorexic crocodiles, the predicted microbial functions that were related to amino acid metabolism, biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, nucleotide metabolism, replication and repair, and translation were significantly reduced, while signal transduction was significantly enriched. These findings of the present study provide a reference to enrich the field of gut microorganism studies in crocodilians and suggest that alterations in the composition and function of gut bacteria in C. siamensis juveniles may be associated with anorexia in crocodiles.

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