Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma in a man with HIV: report with next-generation sequencing analysis and review of the atypical fibroxanthoma/pleomorphic dermal sarcoma spectrum

Chen, Stella X.; Eichenfield, Dawn Z; Orme, Charisse M.; Hinds, Brian

doi:10.5070/d32511046140

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“… 9 Among these, atypical fibroxanthoma may mimic a low-grade dermal sarcoma with similar clinical features. 8 , 11 However, more aggressive and malignant behavior of dermal sarcoma including high number of mitosis and multinucleated giant cells mark the cancers in our patients. This report is limited by a single center retrospective cohort study design, a limited number of patients and the restricted period of patient follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Consistent with our observation, it has been demonstrated that immunosuppression is significantly associated with worse clinical outcomes, poor prognosis and high mortality of undifferentiated dermal sarcoma. 7 , 8 In a retrospective study, a higher local recurrence and metastasis of dermal sarcoma have been observed in OTRs compared with immunocompetent patients. 9 The aggressive nature of dermal sarcomas in our patients is likely secondary to the impaired ability of their immune system to target and destroy the malignant cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lethal Dermal Sarcoma in Immunosuppressed Patients

et al. 2022

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Skin cancer is the leading malignancy in immunosuppressed patients, including organ transplant recipients (OTRs), which is increasing in incidence as OTRs live longer. We performed a single-center case series of 4 patients with scalp pleomorphic dermal sarcoma and a history of multiple keratinocyte carcinomas. Outcomes included incidence of dermal sarcoma, dermal sarcoma-related mortality, and histopathologic findings. Out of more than 200 patients followed over a 3-year period in Massachusetts General Hospital High Risk Skin Cancer Clinics, all skin cancer-related deaths (2/2) were due to metastatic dermal sarcoma. Three of 4 patients diagnosed with scalp dermal sarcoma were OTRs and had been on at least one immunosuppressive medication for a median of 9 years. For patients who died from dermal sarcoma, the median time between diagnosis and death was 6 months. Our findings suggest pleomorphic dermal sarcoma contributes to skin cancer-related morbidity and mortality in OTRs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lethal Dermal Sarcoma in Immunosuppressed Patients

et al. 2022

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HIV and the Skin

Bunker,

Piguet

2024

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology

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Within 2 years of defining acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) as a distinctive syndrome in 1981, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was identified as the causative agent. Dermatological involvement in AIDS has been appreciated since the disease was first recognised. Mucocutaneous involvement establishes criteria for diagnosis and staging; the prognostic significance of some complications, for example pruritic papular eruption/eosinophilic folliculitis, hairy leukoplakia and Kaposi sarcoma (KS), was well recognised before specific treatments were introduced. The proportion of patients with skin complications and the number of these manifestations in any one patient increase as HIV infection progresses and AIDS develops. The incidence and severity of several common cutaneous diseases (such as mollusca, herpes simplex and seborrhoeic dermatitis) are increased in patients with HIV and this correlates in many instances with the absolute numbers of CD4+ T cells. The effect HIV infection may have on some dermatological conditions such as psoriasis and leprosy is less clear‐cut. The advent of highly active combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been incalculably beneficial to patients with HIV, but novel side effects of these drugs (such as lipodystrophy) have emerged, and the skin can be affected by manifestations of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome/immune reconstitution associated disease. The dermatological complications of HIV and AIDS may be distressing to patients and difficult for dermatologists to diagnose and manage. Also, many dermatoses presenting in the population at large need to be regarded as ‘indicator conditions’ to prompt advice about, and initiation of, HIV testing.

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Systematic Review and Case Series of Pleomorphic Dermal Sarcoma: an Uncommon Cutaneous Pathology Predominantly in the Head and Neck

Shinn

Elder

et al. 2022

SN Compr. Clin. Med.

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Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma in a man with HIV: report with next-generation sequencing analysis and review of the atypical fibroxanthoma/pleomorphic dermal sarcoma spectrum

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Lethal Dermal Sarcoma in Immunosuppressed Patients

Lethal Dermal Sarcoma in Immunosuppressed Patients

HIV and the Skin

Systematic Review and Case Series of Pleomorphic Dermal Sarcoma: an Uncommon Cutaneous Pathology Predominantly in the Head and Neck

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