Pleistocene Glaciations in Denmark: A Closer Look at Chronology, Ice Dynamics and Landforms

Drumlinised glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sediments on the Småland peneplain, South Sweden – new information on the growth and decay history of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheets during MIS 3

“…20 indicate that these passing proglacial environments are firmly set into MIS 3 (c. 60e30 ka), i.e., during a climatically very complex period (e.g. Bond et al, 1993;Svensson et al, 2008;Van Meerback et al, 2009), and fall well within the time spans suggested for the Ristinge and Klintholm advances into Denmark (Houmark-Nielsen, 2010, 2011, as discussed below.…”

“…1A) is now challenged from two very different standpoints. According to Houmark-Nielsen (2004, 2011 and Larsen et al (2009aLarsen et al ( , 2009b, Denmark and southern Sweden were invaded by ice sheets at four different stages during MIS 4e3, from the north across the Norwegian Channel and Kattegatt during very late MIS 4 (the Sundsøre Advance, c. 65e60 ka) and late MIS 3 (the Kattegatt Advance, c. 29e27 ka), and from the east over southern Sweden and through the Baltic Basin with two prominent ice advances into Denmark during MIS 3 (the Ristinge Advance, c. 56e46 ka and the Klintholm Advance, c. 34e30 ka) (Fig. 1A).…”

Response of salt structures to ice-sheet loading: implications for ice-marginal and subglacial processes

“…During the Pleistocene large parts of the Central European Basin System were affected by multiple advances of the Fennoscandian ice sheet during the Elsterian, Saalian and Weichselian glaciations Houmark-Nielsen, 2011;Laban and van der Meer, 2011;Marks, 2011;Lee et al, 2012;Roskosch et al, 2014). Evidence for seismicity triggered by ice-sheet loading and unloading is known from regions that were beneath the ice sheets (Dehls et al, 2000;M€ orner, 2004) as well as proglacial and periglacial regions (Brandes et al, 2011Hoffmann and Reicherter, 2012;Brandes and Winsemann, 2013).…”

Last deglaciation of northern continental Europe

“…The following glacial episode was connected with the Young Baltic Ice that advanced from the east around 20-18 ka BP, pushing up prominent marginal moraines (HoumarkNielsen, 2011). After reaching its maximum extent during the East Jylland phase at 19-18 ka BP, the ice sheet split into several secondary ice streams during the Baelthav phase at 18-17 ka BP (Houmark-Nielsen, 2011). Downwasting of the ice sheet was interrupted by building of end moraines during the Møn phase at 17-16 ka BP (Fig.…”