Playing online games against computer- vs. human-controlled opponents: Effects on presence, flow, and enjoyment

Identification and Categorization of Digital Game Experiences: A Qualitative Study Integrating Theoretical Insights and Player Perspectives

“…These fi ndings were linked to the experience of social presence, a concept that stems from CMC literature and is defi ned as 'the sense of being with another' (Biocca et al, 2001). Gajadhar et al (2008) illustrated that social presence mediated the effect of social setting on player experience and concluded that the presence of others enriches game experiences rather than being a disturbing factor for the experience of fl ow, a notion that was also supported by the above-mentioned study of Weibel et al (2008).…”

“…As recently outlined in social gaming literature Weibel et al, 2008), the specifi c nature of playing with or against others, and the accompanying experiences, both positive (connectedness, friendly banter) and negative (disappointment, pressure), were also mentioned in our focus groups. Building on and contributing to current gaming literature, this study aimed to present a comprehensive overview of how it feels to play digital games.…”

“…Second, their argument is still tenuous since they did not study whether and how players actually experience more fl ow in highly rated games. A more recent experimental study by Weibel et al (2008), in which fl ow was studied in relation to playing against a computer-controlled agent or a human-controlled avatar showed, however, that fl ow was an important mediator of game enjoyment.…”

Online Promotional Games: Impact of Flow Experience on Word-of-Mouth and Personal Information Sharing

“…Participation in an online promotional game can also be viewed as form of consumption, combining active or passive participation by the individual with a connection to the environment characterized by a state of absorption. Research suggests that the psychological experience of gaming is the same than the flow experience as outlined by Csikszentmihalyi (Weibel et al, 2008).…”

Bubbles in hybrid markets: How expectations about algorithmic trading affect human trading

“…Arousal: Mandryk, Inkpen, and Calvert (2006) and Weibel et al (2008) study computer games and find that gamers are more aroused when they know that they are playing with or against humans than when they know their counterpart is a computer program. Andrade, Odean, and Lin (2012) and Breaban and Noussair (2013) find that market bubbles increase in magnitude and amplitude when subjects are aroused or excited (induced by short videos before the SSW market).…”