Play Behavior Differences Among Preschoolers with ADHD: Impact of Comorbid ODD and Anxiety

Does Anxiety Modify the Risk for, or Severity of, Conduct Problems Among Children With Co-Occurring ADHD: Categorical and Dimensional and Analyses

“…Falk et al (2015; see above) also found that children with ADHD and co-occurring ANX were neither more nor less delinquent that those with ADHD alone. During free play, Pollack et al (2016; see above) found no difference in observed negative verbal/physical behavior among children with ADHD alone or ADHD with ANX. Mikami, Ransone, and Calhoun (2011) found no relationship between ANX and observational ratings of aggression in a sample of clinic-referred children with ADHD.…”

“…When anxiety was assessed via rating scale, Bilgic et al (2017; see above) found a relationship between anxiety scores and reactive aggression, but not proactive aggression. In a school-based sample of children with ADHD, Pollack, Hojnoski, DuPaul, and Kern (2016) found that compared with children with ADHD alone, children with ADHD and ANX had more behavioral problems as assessed by the Social Skills Rating System. Among children with ADHD, Humphreys, Aguirre, and Lee (2012) found that co-occurring ANX increased the level of both ODD and CD scores.…”

Does Anxiety Symptomatology Affect Bullying Behavior in Children and Adolescents with ADHD?

“…The complex associations and crosssectional nature of this study preclude the interpretation of the causal relationship among victimization, anxiety, and ADHD. However, a substantial evidence supports the notion that higher levels of anxiety are associated with more problems related to social functioning in children and adolescents with ADHD (Becker et al, 2015;Biederman et al, 2013;Farmer et al, 2015;Humphrey et al, 2007;Karustis et al, 2000;Pollack et al, 2016). Comorbid anxiety in youth with ADHD is associated with poorer social skills, lower social competence, more social problems, less acceptance, more rejection, more ignoring by peers, and poorer relationships with parents and siblings (Bishop et al, 2019;Bowen et al, 2008;March et al, 2000;Mikami & Pfiffner, 2008;Mikami et al, 2011).…”

Exploring the impact of child-centered play therapy for children exhibiting behavioral problems: A meta-analysis.

“…Externalizing behaviors include distractibility, difficulty complying with rules and norms, hyperactivity, yelling, and invading another’s space without permission (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001; Hart et al, 2019; Liu, 2004). These behaviors can cause significant impairment in peer relationships (Pollack et al, 2016) and academic performance (Redden et al, 2003); and subsequently often lead to poor outcomes in adulthood (Owens, 2016; Scott et al, 2001).…”

“…Children with behavioral problems struggle with emotional regulation, frequently misinterpret social cues, view neutral events as hostile, and use aggression and anger as problem-solving strategies (McCart & Sheidow, 2016). These behaviors can potentially impact their acquisition of social skills including communication, conflict resolution, and emotional regulation (Fantuzzo et al, 2004; Pollack et al, 2016). As a result, these often experience strained relationships with family, peers, and teachers (Brinkmeyer & Eyberg, 2003; Neece et al, 2012).…”