Plausible Connection of Takayasu’s Arteritis and Mitral Stenosis: a Case Report

Shah, Gunjan Md; Kanani, Yash; Gandhi, Zainab; Zalavadia, Dipen; Desai, Rupak

doi:10.1007/s42399-021-01043-7

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…In the United States, 15% of all deaths due to heart valvular disease involve the mitral valve [ 1 ]. Mitral valvular disease (MVD) encompasses multiple different disease phenotypes and is both a cause and consequence of heart failure (HF) [ 2 , 3 ]. Broadly, MVD can be subclassified as either mitral regurgitation (MR) or mitral stenosis (MS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MS can be categorized as rheumatic or non-rheumatic in origin. The major cause of MS is rheumatic heart disease after prior infection with group A streptococcus [ 3 ]. Overall, the incidence of rheumatic MS in developed countries is 1/100,000, making it less common than MR [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major cause of MS is rheumatic heart disease after prior infection with group A streptococcus [ 3 ]. Overall, the incidence of rheumatic MS in developed countries is 1/100,000, making it less common than MR [ 3 ]. Though there is limited data on the prevalence of non-rheumatic causes of MS, one study found that 18.5% of their patients with MS had non-rheumatic stenosis which is primarily caused by mitral annulus calcification [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though there is limited data on the prevalence of non-rheumatic causes of MS, one study found that 18.5% of their patients with MS had non-rheumatic stenosis which is primarily caused by mitral annulus calcification [ 7 ]. The majority of patients with MS will not survive more than 10 years after symptom onset, with HF being a common outcome of advanced MS [ 3 ]. Given that both MR and MS cause significant morbidity and mortality, especially when concurrent with HF, it is vital to understand and address these disparities to provide quality care to the patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disparities in Mitral Valve Disease Associated with Heart Failure

Foley,

Hammond,

et al. 2024

Rev. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Heart failure (HF) affects millions of people around the world and is a prevalent health issue in the United States. In many cases, HF has an intricate connection with mitral valvular disease (MVD), which can alter a patient’s disease course. Factors such as gender, race, ethnicity, and social determinants of health impact the prevalence, etiology, and treatment of MVD associated with HF. This literature review examines the connection between MVD and HF among adult patients, considering MVD as both a cause and an outcome of HF. This article also identifies the differences in epidemiology and treatment of MVD associated with HF across different gender, ethnicity, race, and socioeconomic groups. This is in an effort to not only identify currently overlooked disparities but to highlight potential ways to improve them. MVD was analyzed based on its hemodynamic subtypes, mitral regurgitation (MR) and mitral stenosis (MS), as these subtypes encompass different etiologies of MVD. The purpose of this article was to identify broad disparities in MVD in association with HF in the adult population. The results of this study found stark differences between prevalence, treatment, and disease outcomes across groups. Women and Black patients were identified as high-risk for under-utilization and prescription delay of treatment options. Women were often treated at more advanced stages of MVD, while treatment was often delayed in Black patient populations. Factors such as these impact treatment outcomes. Conversely, men and White patients were identified as lower-risk groups for treatment inadequacies and poor HF and MVD related outcomes. Socioeconomic status (SES) was also found to play a role, with low SES being a risk factor for developing rheumatic heart disease. Low SES groups are also more likely to develop HF, which predisposes to secondary MR. Despite general knowledge of these disparities, few studies analyze HF and MVD for specific groups. This literature review is thus necessary to identify current inequities in care and underscore potential solutions to raise awareness for further research efforts and funding. This analysis identifies MVD treatment guidelines and contributing social determinants of health as areas that must be addressed to minimize HF and MVD disparities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%