Platinum/zinc oxide nanoparticles: Enhanced photocatalysts degrade malachite green dye under visible light conditions

Mohamed, Reda M.; McKinney, David; Kadi, Mohammad W.; Mkhalid, I.A.; Sigmund, Wolfgang M.

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.02.147

Cited by 103 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The addition of metal nanoparticles may cause a change in the distance between the conduction and valence band, which decreases the band gap [9]. It was confirmed that the addition of nanoparticles of Ag, Au, Cu, Pt and Pd increases the photocatalytic activity of the base material compared to the unmodified material [10,11]. The nanoparticles present on the surface of photocatalytic material can act as traps for photoinduced electrons, preventing the recombination of electron-hole pairs [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous synthesis of photocatalytic nanoparticles of pure ZnO and ZnO modified with metal nanoparticles

Długosz

Banach

2021

J Nanostruct Chem

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The continuous microwave synthesis of ZnO, ZnO–nAg and ZnO–nCu nanoparticles (NPs) are presented. Initially, pure ZnO nanoparticles were synthesised, studying the effect of selected parameters on the size of crystallites. In the second stage, ZnO nanoparticles modified with metal nanoparticles were obtained by conducting the process in a flow system. Tannic acid was used as a reducing agent of silver and copper ions. The structure, crystallinity and effectiveness of the deposition of metal nanoparticles were assessed by XRD, XPS, FTIR and electron microscopy techniques (SEM and TEM). The obtained materials were tested for their photocatalytic properties against methylene blue in UV light. The results of photodegradation in ultraviolet light have shown that the introduction of metal nanoparticles, especially silver nanoparticles, significantly increases catalytic efficiency (30% for pure ZnO NPs, 91% for ZnO–nAg NPs and 54% for ZnO–nCu NPs). The main advantage of the proposed ZnO/Ag semiconductor is that it delays the recombination process of electron–hole pairs generated by photon absorption, which extends the efficiency of such a photocatalyst. Based on the research, we determined that it is possible to use photocatalytically active ZnO modified with metal nanoparticles obtained in the flow process. Graphic abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous synthesis of photocatalytic nanoparticles of pure ZnO and ZnO modified with metal nanoparticles

Długosz

Banach

2021

J Nanostruct Chem

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“…The ZnO is one semiconductor that has a wide bandgap of 3.37 eV in the wurtzite phase, resulting in a further limitation in its application [22]. Some studies on decreasing the bandgap of nanocomposites showed that better electron-hole separation and higher efficiency are obtained with a narrower bandgap [23,24]. Modification of ZnO nanoparticles is conducted by doping or replacing them with certain atoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of ZnO-Nd Nano-Photocatalyst for the Reactive Red 198 Dye Decolorization in the Falling-Film Photocatalytic Reactor

Biglar

Talaiekhozani²,

Aminsharei

et al. 2021

Toxics

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A large amount of Reactive red 198 (RR198) is released yearly into the environment. RR198 is toxic for human and aquatic creatures; therefore, it should be removed from wastewater before releasing into the environment. In this study, the nano ZnO-Nd -photo-catalyst for the first time was synthesized by the combustion method. First, the physical characteristics of the generated nano photocatalyst were evaluated using FESEM, XRD, Bandgap calculation, and FTIR analysis. Then, the ZnO-Nd nano-photocatalyst was suspended into the contaminated water with RR198 dye in a falling-film photocatalytic reactor. The effects of parameters such as the amount of H2O2, catalyst dose, pH, and initial concentration of dye were investigated during the experiments. Finally, the decolorization process with the falling-film photocatalytic reactor was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The physical characteristics showed that the average particle size of the synthesized ZnO-Nd was 40 nm. Doping ZnO with Nd reduced the photocatalyst energy bandgap by 14%. The results indicated that the optimum amount of catalyst dose and pH level was 0.1 g/L and 5, respectively. The simultaneous usage of H2O2 and ZnO-Nd with an H2O2/dye ratio of two increased dye removal performance by 90%. The results demonstrated that the developed equations can be applied to predict the performance of the falling-film photoreactor. This study showed that using the nano ZnO-Nd photocatalyst in a falling-film photocatalytic reactor under optimum operating conditions is an appropriate way to remove RR198 from water.

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“…Due to its abundance and semiconductive properties, ZnO has been used as an ideal electron transfer layer in inverted solar cells [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The implementation of ZnO into electronic and solar devices is largely due to its unique properties, such as a wide band gap (3.37 meV), stable wurtzite crystal structure, and high exciton binding energy (60 meV) [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Much attention has been focused on modifying the surfaces of ZnO to make it more suitable for applications, such as in heterojunction solar cells and organic light emitting diodes [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Perfluorophosphonic Acid Surface Modifications on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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In this study, perfluorinated phosphonic acid modifications were utilized to modify zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles because they create a more stable surface due to the electronegativity of the perfluoro head group. Specifically, 12-pentafluorophenoxydodecylphosphonic acid, 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzylphosphonic acid, and (1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorododecyl)phosphonic acid have been used to form thin films on the nanoparticle surfaces. The modified nanoparticles were then characterized using infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were utilized to determine the particle size of the nanoparticles before and after modification, and to analyze the film coverage on the ZnO surfaces, respectively. Zeta potential measurements were obtained to determine the stability of the ZnO nanoparticles. It was shown that the surface charge increased as the alkyl chain length increases. This study shows that modifying the ZnO nanoparticles with perfluorinated groups increases the stability of the phosphonic acids adsorbed on the surfaces. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to distinguish between chemically and physically bound films on the modified nanoparticles. The higher weight loss for 12-pentafluorophenoxydodecylphosphonic acid and (1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorododecyl)phosphonic acid modifications corresponds to a higher surface concentration of the modifications, and, ideally, higher surface coverage. While previous studies have shown how phosphonic acids interact with the surfaces of ZnO, the aim of this study was to understand how the perfluorinated groups can tune the surface properties of the nanoparticles.

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Platinum/zinc oxide nanoparticles: Enhanced photocatalysts degrade malachite green dye under visible light conditions

Cited by 103 publications

References 16 publications

Continuous synthesis of photocatalytic nanoparticles of pure ZnO and ZnO modified with metal nanoparticles

Continuous synthesis of photocatalytic nanoparticles of pure ZnO and ZnO modified with metal nanoparticles

Application of ZnO-Nd Nano-Photocatalyst for the Reactive Red 198 Dye Decolorization in the Falling-Film Photocatalytic Reactor

Study of Perfluorophosphonic Acid Surface Modifications on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

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