Platinum Nanozyme-Catalyzed Gas Generation for Pressure-Based Bioassay Using Polyaniline Nanowires-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Framework

Abstract

Pressure-based bioassays incorporating biomolecular recognition with a catalyzed gas-generation reaction have been developed for gas biosensors, but most involve poor sensitivity and are unsuitable for routine use. Herein we design an innovative gas pressure-based biosensing platform for the detection of Kanamycin (Kana) on polyaniline nanowires-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (PANI/rGO) framework by using platinum nanozyme-catalyzed gas generation. The signal was amplified by coupling with catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and strand-displacement amplification (SDA). Upon target Kana introduction, the analyte initially triggered a SDA reaction between hairpin DNA1 and hairpin DNA2, and then induced CHA conjugation between magnetic bead-labeled hairpin DNA3 (MB-H3) and platinum nanoparticle-labeled hairpin DNA4 (Pt-H4) to form a three-dimensional network. Numerous platinum nanoparticles (peroxidase-like nanozymes) were carried over with magnetic beads to reduce hydrogen peroxide into oxygen. The as-produced gas compressed PANI/rGO frameworks (modified to polyurethane sponge, used as the piezoelectric materials) in a homemade pressure-tight device, thus causing the increasing current of PANI/rGO sponge thanks to its deformation. The change in the current caused by the as-generated gas pressure was determined on an electrochemical workstation. Under optimum conditions, PANI/rGO sponge exhibited outstanding compressibility, stable signal-waveform output, fast response and recovery time (≈109 ms), and the current increased with the increasing Kana concentration within a dynamic working range of 0.2-50 pM at a detection limit of 0.063 pM. Good reproducibility, specificity, and acceptable precision were acquired for Kana analysis. In addition, the accuracy of this method was monitored to evaluate real milk samples with the well-matched results obtained by using the referenced Kana ELISA kit.

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“…[9] Recent research has focused on the rational design of nanomaterials with inherent enzyme-like catalytic properties (for example,o xidase,p eroxidase,c atalase,s uperoxide dismutase,a nd so on) and exploration of their applications in various fields. [10][11][12][13][14][15] Fortunately,a dvances in chemical synthesis have led to the formation of av ariety of nanostructures through more accurate control of size,s hape,c omposition, and structure, which has in turn provided opportunities to search for more efficient nanozymes and to explore the nature of biocatalysis. Moreover,p rofuse functional groups and facile surface modification, as well as good biocompatibility,e ndow nanomaterials with great potential in aw ide range of biological applications.…”

Development of Nanozymes for Food Quality and Safety Detection: Principles and Recent Applications

“…Typical examples of nanozyme‐based agrifood detections. Nanozyme‐based detection of (A) antioxidants (Jia et al., ), (B) glucose (Huang, Zhu et al., ), (C) allergens (He et al., ), (D) H 2 O 2 (Qi et al., ), (E) mercury ions (Huang, Zhu et al., ), (F) kanamycin (Zeng et al., ), (G) pesticides: a (Huang, Sun et al., ) and b (Wang et al., ), (H) mycotoxins: a (Huang, Chen et al., ) and b (Molinero‐Fernández et al., ), and (I) foodborne pathogens (Cheng et al., ).…”

When Nanozymes Meet Single‐Atom Catalysis

“…Nanozymes that integrate the advantages of natural enzymes and nanomaterials are generally low cost, highly stable, easily scaled up, and they possess superior activity; moreover, they have great potential in practical applications in harsh environments . Recent research has focused on the rational design of nanomaterials with inherent enzyme‐like catalytic properties (for example, oxidase, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and so on) and exploration of their applications in various fields . Fortunately, advances in chemical synthesis have led to the formation of a variety of nanostructures through more accurate control of size, shape, composition, and structure, which has in turn provided opportunities to search for more efficient nanozymes and to explore the nature of biocatalysis.…”