Platinum nanoparticles on the antimony-doped tin dioxide surface: Quantum-chemical modeling

Highly Stable PEMFC Electrodes Based on Electrospun Antimony‐Doped SnO2

“…Indeed, the crystallite sizes calculated by using the Scherrer equation were approximately 31, 22 and 18 nm for undoped as well as 5 and 10 at % antimony‐doped SnO 2 , respectively. As already mentioned, this can be attributed to grain growth inhibition induced by the antimony …”

“…Similarly to Nb doping, the presence of antimony induces the formation of hollow 1D structures, rather than solid fibres by single‐needle electrospinning, independent of the SnCl 2 precursor concentration. As in the case of niobium, the formation of the fibre‐in‐tube morphology could be ascribed to the inhibition effect of the particle growth also produced by antimony . More pronounced fibre‐in‐tube structures and with lower average tube diameters were obtained when the antimony concentration increased from 5 (ca.…”

“…The XRD peak broadening with increasing antimony concentration indicates ad ecrease in the grain size of SnO 2 dopedw ith antimony.I ndeed, the crystallite sizes calculated by using the Scherrer equation werea pproximately 31, 22 and ChemElectroChem 2015, 2,1966 -1973 www.chemelectrochem.org 18 nm for undoped as well as 5a nd 10 at %a ntimony-doped SnO 2 ,respectively.Asalready mentioned, this can be attributed to grain growth inhibition induced by the antimony. [57,58] The electrical conductivity at room temperature increases significantly from approximately 0.001 Scm À1 for undoped electrospun SnO 2 to 0.7 and 1Scm À1 for 5a nd 10 at %a ntimony-doped SnO 2 ,r espectively (50 times the value obtained for Nb-doped tin oxide loose-tubes). [53] Antimony can be incorporated into the tin oxide lattice as Sb 5 + or Sb 3 + .I th as been reported that, for al ow dopingl evel,a ntimony is mainly present as Sb 5 + (donor doping) andt he conductivity increasesw ith the antimony content.…”

“…As in the case of niobium, the formation of the fibre-in-tube morphology could be ascribed to the inhibition effect of the particle growth also produced by antimony. [57,58] More pronounced fibre-in-tubes tructures and with lower averaget ube diameters were obtained when the antimony concentrationi ncreased from 5( ca. 230 nm) to 10 at %( ca.…”

“…TEM images in Figure show that their average diameter is 2.4 nm and that they are homogeneously dispersed on the hollow fibres without aggregation. A theoretical study reported that the presence of antimony in SnO 2 can contribute to better dispersion and anchorage of the platinum particles …”