Platinum nanoparticles intermediate layer in solid-state selective electrodes

Abstract

A platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) layer is used for the first time as an ion-to-electron transducer in a solid-state ion-selective electrode (SC-ISE). The electrode was prepared by adding the PtNPs as an intermediate layer between the ionophore-doped solvent polymeric membrane and the electrical conductor. The PtNPs layer was characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The stability of the electrical potential of the new solid-contact electrode was examined by performing current-reversal chronopotentiometry while the influence of the interfacial water film was assessed by the potentiometric aqueous-layer test. The performance of the new electrode was evaluated by determining K(+). The new electrode presented a Nernstian slope, a very good reproducibility of the standard potential values and a small potential drift.

A ladder conjugated polymer transducer for solid-contact Cu2+-selective electrodes

“…On the one hand, the diameter of the high-frequency semicircle, which equals the bulk membrane resistance coupled with the contact resistance between the GC substrate and the PVC membrane, was decreased from 0.19 MV to 0.11 MV by using LCPT transducer. On the other hand, the low-frequency response can be related to an interfacial charge-transfer from the GC/PVC interface and to the diffusion processes in the ISEs [21]. It seems that the ion-to-electron transduction processes proceed properly between the LCPT layer and PVC membrane as a larger low-frequency semicircle was observed arising from a small capacitance at the ''blocked'' interface GC/PVC membrane in CWEs.…”

Carbon-Supported Platinum Nanoparticle Solid-State Ion Selective Electrodes for the Determination of Potassium

“…Our previous research reported that both platinum nanoparticles and carbon black used as an intermediate layer in solid contact electrodes decreased the total resistance of the electrode (Paczosa-Bator 2012; Paczosa-Bator et al 2012). Additionally, these materials improve a number of metrological parameters of sensors such as the potential reversibility and long term potential stability in both single (Paczosa-Bator 2012, 2014Paczosa-Bator et al 2012) and multi-electrode configuration (PaczosaBator et al 2014).…”

“…Additionally, these materials improve a number of metrological parameters of sensors such as the potential reversibility and long term potential stability in both single (Paczosa-Bator 2012, 2014Paczosa-Bator et al 2012) and multi-electrode configuration (PaczosaBator et al 2014). Furthermore, using a composite combination of these two materials (platinum nanoparticles deposited on carbon black at 10 wt%) as the intermediate layer resulted in further improvement of analytical parameters (Paczosa-Bator et al 2013).…”

“…Compared to electrodes with conducting polymers, new sensors with intermediate layers based on carbon materials are practically insensitive to light or some gases. Another material used as an intermediate layer in solid-state ion-selective electrodes was metal nanoparticles due to characteristic properties such as high electrochemical activity, large surface-to-volume ratio, and small size (Jaworska et al 2011;Paczosa-Bator et al 2012).…”

Solid-contact K+-selective electrode based on three-dimensional molybdenum sulfide nanoflowers as ion-to-electron transducer

“…Nevertheless, some of these SC-ISEs suffer from problems of the formation of water layers [7] and the interferences from oxygen, carbon dioxide and light [8]. On the other hand, nanostructured materials, mainly based on carbon (e.g., carbon nanotubes [9], colloid-imprinted mesoporous carbon [10], graphene [11], and fullerene [12]) and noble metals (e.g., nanoporous gold film [13] and platinum nanoparticles [14]), have been reported as ion-to-electron transducers owing to their special physicochemical properties. It has been shown that the large interface area between nanostructured materials and the ISM leads to a high double-layer capacitance, thus minimizing the potential drift.…”