Platinum group minerals in chromitite bodies of the Santa Elena Nappe, Costa Rica: mineralogical characterization by electron microprobe and Raman-spectroscopy

Zaccarini, Federica; Bakker, Ronald J.; Garuti, Giorgio; Aiglsperger, Thomas; Thalhammer, Oskar; Campos, Lolita; Proenza, Joaquín A.; Lewis, John F.

doi:10.18268/bsgm2010v62n1a9

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the present study, the ∑PGM's of the studied four samples (I-IV) as analyzed by Gen analysis Laboratory, Australia were found comparable and are in acceptable agreement with the range reported from Al'Ays chromite [8,28]. In this study, the high content of PGE's given in Table 1 may be ascribed to the nugget effect [30][31][32][33]. The heterogeneous distribution of the PGEs in the chromite samples may also account for this trend.…”

Section: Production Of Basic Chromium Sulfatesupporting

confidence: 83%

Mineral processing: leaching process of chromium and recovery of platinum group elements from Northwestern Saudi Arabian Ophiolitic chromite

et al. 2019

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The current strategy reports the recovery of precious group metals (PGMs) from Na 2 CO 3 roast of Saudi Arabian ophiolitic chromite ore at 1160 °C under atmospheric O 2 . The influence of roasting temperature (960-1200 °C) and leaching agents (H 2 O, HCl, H 2 SO 4 ) and their concentrations on the recovery of PGMs was studied. Chromite roast concentrates a reasonable percentage of approximately 45% with an overall 43% Cr 2 O 3 . PGMs in the original ore was petitioned and ends up in Na 2 CrO 4 liquor whereas the liquor and a solid roast residues contained the rest of chromite components (Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , others). Na 2 CrO 4 in the water or H 2 SO 4 leachate was reduced with SO 2 gas to give crystalline basic chrome sulfate with excellent yield (> 99%) and purity (Fe < 0.1%). PGMs in the Na 2 CrO 4 liquor were extracted into methylisobutylketone (MIBK) after shaking with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC). In MIBK extract, the PGMs species was then stripped by shaking with HgCl 2 -HNO 3 (1.0 mol L −1 ). Ir and Pt in the produced PGEs cake were found up to 4.0 and 0.5 µg/g, respectively whereas the majority of Ni (0.5% as NiO) was retained in the solid roast residues. The proposed method offers a simple approach with good cost-effectiveness for PGEs recovery and production of basic chrome sulfate with Fe content less than 0.1%. Leaching with water offers a simple, an eco-friendly and cost-effectiveness approach for the production of a basic chromium sulfate product with high quality yield of PGEs as a byproduct with minimum Fe content (< 0.1% m/m) required for the tanning industry compared to the method reported.

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Section: Production Of Basic Chromium Sulfatesupporting

confidence: 83%

Mineral processing: leaching process of chromium and recovery of platinum group elements from Northwestern Saudi Arabian Ophiolitic chromite

et al. 2019

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“…It is known that electron microprobe analysis of PGM is challenging because of the small size of the studied grains, commonly close to the limits for quantitative determination (e.g., Zaccarini et al 2010;González-Jiménez et al 2011;Kapsiotis et al 2011). The small size (≤ 3 μm) of the discovered PGM in the high-Cr chromitites imposes a certain analytical limitation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of chromitites from Korydallos, Pindos Ophiolite Complex, Greece, based on spinel chemistry and PGE-mineralogy

Kapsiotis¹

2013

Jour. Geosci.

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The Pindos Ophiolite Complex, located in northwestern Greece, hosts various chromite deposits of both metallurgical (high-Cr) and refractory (high-Al) type. In Korydallos are encountered both types of chromitites. These are podiform chromitites that have small dimensions and occur sub-concordantly to the hosting peridotites. The Cr-rich chromitites contain magnesiochromite with high Cr# [Cr/(Cr + Al): 0.65-0.68] and low platinum-group element (PGE) contents (294.1 ppb), whereas the Al-rich ones host spinel with low Cr# (0.44-0.48) and elevated total PGE grades (28830 ppb). The former display a nearly flat C1-normalized PGE-pattern, whereas the latter show a positively sloped normalized PGE-pattern. The in situ mineralogical investigation of the Cr-rich chromitites revealed a platinum-group mineral (PGM) assemblage dominated by small (≤ 3 μm) sperrylite, laurite and erlichmanite grains (determined by recalculated qualitative analytical data). Textural relations suggest crystallization under conditions of high fS 2 and fAs and/or low T. The in concentrates mineralogical study of the Al-rich chromitites showed that the PGM assemblage that they host is dominated by Pd-Cu and Pd-Au-Cu alloys. The vast majority of these alloys is associated with abundant secondary BMS (base-metal sulfides) and BMA (base-metal alloys), thus confirming that a sulfide melt scavenged the PGE + Au of the silicate magma from which chromian spinel had already started to crystallize. Both assemblages were affected by an invasion of an oxidizing aqueous fluid in the investigated chromitites. Combined data indicate that the chromitites from the Korydallos area crystallized from a progressively differentiating MORB/IAT melt, produced in a small backarc basin in a supra-subduction zone setting.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, the Raman spectra available for PGM are very limited. In particular, the following Os, Ir, Ru, Rh and Pt bearing minerals have been previously investigated by Raman and proved to be sensitive to this technique: erlichmanite (OsS 2 ), irarsite (IrAsS), laurite (RuS 2 ), zaccariniite (RhNiAs), cooperite ((Pt,Pd,Ni)S), sperrylite (PtAs 2 ), platarsite (PtAsS), moncheite ((Pt,Pd)(Te,Bi) 2 ) and braggite (Pt,Pd,Ni)S (Mernagh & Hoatson, 1995;Merkle et al, 1997;Pikl et al, 1999;Zaccarini et al, 2009Zaccarini et al, , 2010Vymazalová et al, 2012). Despite of the fact that the majority of PGM are Pddominant, only Raman spectra of vysotskite (PdS) and potarite (PdHg) have been provided (Mernagh & Hoatson, 1995;Merkle et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Raman spectroscopy is a non destructive and structurally sensitive technique that can be easily used to identify small mineral phases less than 10 mm in size, such as the PGM. However, after the pioneer work of Mernagh & Hoatson (1995), few data have been published on the application of Raman technique to recognize the natural PGM (Zaccarini et al, 2009(Zaccarini et al, , 2010McDonald et al, 2010;Grammatikopoulos et al, 2011;Vymazalová et al, 2012) as well as to investigate synthetic PGM (e.g. Weber et al, 1988;Graham et al, 1991;Merkle et al, 1997;Pikl et al, 1999;Vermaak et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectroscopy characterisation of synthetic platinum-group minerals (PGM) in the Pd–Sn–Te and Pd–Pb–Te ternary systems

Vymazalová

Zaccarini

Bakker

2014

ejm

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The identification of minerals that occur as tiny and rare phases such as most of the natural platinum-group minerals (PGM) is a challenging target. The main reason for that resides in their size (generally less than 10 micrometres) and mode of occurrence (i.e. polyphasic aggregates) that make problematic the identification by standard X-ray diffraction methods. In this contribution we have applied the Raman spectroscopy to synthetic PGM in the ternary systems Pd-Sn-Te and Pd-Pb-Te. Some of the analyzed PGM show characteristic Raman bands and the following PGM can be distinguished using the Raman spectroscopy: merenskyite, kotulskite, kojonenite, pašavaite and Pd 3 Te 2. Other PGM in the ternary Pd-Sn-Te and Pd-Pb-Te systems cannot be identified using this technique. These results demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy can be considered as an innovative and complementary methodology with a potential to identify and to better characterize the PGM.

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Platinum group minerals in chromitite bodies of the Santa Elena Nappe, Costa Rica: mineralogical characterization by electron microprobe and Raman-spectroscopy

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Mineral processing: leaching process of chromium and recovery of platinum group elements from Northwestern Saudi Arabian Ophiolitic chromite

Mineral processing: leaching process of chromium and recovery of platinum group elements from Northwestern Saudi Arabian Ophiolitic chromite

Genesis of chromitites from Korydallos, Pindos Ophiolite Complex, Greece, based on spinel chemistry and PGE-mineralogy

Raman spectroscopy characterisation of synthetic platinum-group minerals (PGM) in the Pd–Sn–Te and Pd–Pb–Te ternary systems

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