Platinum group elements contamination in soils: Review of the current state

Savignan, Lionel; Faucher, Stéphane; Chéry, Philippe; Lespès, Gaëtane

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129517

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…The calculated mean accumulation factor is 3.88 for Pd, 2.95 for Pt, and 2.76 for Rh, while any significant difference is lacking (t-test). The Pt and Pd contents in the samples of dust and soil from Attica are consistent with those from previous studies and other countries [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The Pd/Pt ratio shows an increasing trend of the mean values from the dust (1.4) and soils (1.5) to plants (2.03) (Tables 1 and 2).…”

Section: Geochemical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Calcium is a major element in all the samples, ranging from 17.2 to 24.9 wt.% Ca, while trace elements range from 130 to 830 mg/kg Pb, 320 to 530 mg/kg Zn, 290 to 480 mg/kg Mn, 160 to 650 mg/kg Cu, 114 to 125 mg/kg Ba, 71 to 135 mg/kg Cr, 57 to 160 mg/kg Ni, 11 to 18 mg/kg Ce, 5 to 12 mg/kg La, 3.1 to 4.6 mg/kg Y, and 0.5 to 0.9 mg/kg Zr. The deposition of nanoparticles of precious metal-iron oxide compounds in dust samples (Figure 2) and elevated Pt and Pd contents in plants up to 6 µg/kg Pt (mean 3.9) and up to 21 µg/kg Pd (mean 6.2) along highways in the Athens Basin (Tables 1 and 2) are comparable to those in Perth (W. Australia), London and Sheffield (UK), the Bialystok area of Poland, Frankfurt (Germany) [13,14,17,19,24,25], and elsewhere [12]. The mean accumulation factor for Pd (mean 3.88) and that for Pt (mean 2.95) and Rh (2.76) (Table 3) do not show any significant difference.…”

Section: Geochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The potential environments in which the emitted precious metals are dispersed [10], the soil pH, redox, salinity, and the presence of inorganic (mostly chlorides) and organic ligands (humic acids) may be major controlling factors for the dissolution of Pt, Pd, and Rh, and the oxidation and formation of Pt(II), Pd(II), and Rh(III) complexes [10,12,20,21,25,28].…”

Section: Geochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common oxidation state of Rh is +3, whereas Pt and Pd can occur in either the +2 or the +4 valence states in nature, and the main processes leading to uncharged and charged species are as follows [12]:…”

Section: Geochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heavy metal contamination of roadside dust due to high traffic in urban areas is responsible for increased particulate contents within the breathing zone in the nearsurface atmosphere and suspension of particles from the road surface, depending mostly on the traffic densities and topography [9]. Moreover, the amount and rate of the Pt, Pd, and Rh release from catalytic converters depend on the speed of the automobile, engine type, age of the catalyst, and type of fuel additives [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The long-distance transport of Pt, Pd, and Rh has been documented for roads, rivers, and lakes [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cycling of Pt, Pd, and Rh Derived from Catalytic Converters: Potential Pathways and Biogeochemical Processes

Eliopoulos

Sfendoni

et al. 2022

Minerals

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The present study is an integrated approach to the Pt, Pd, and Rh cycling derived from catalytic converters along highway roadsides of the Athens Basin, including their contents, the dispersed Pt- and Pd-bearing nano- and microparticles in dust and bioaccumulation in plants, aiming to assess the auto-catalyst-derived environmental impact to the large city of Athens and the potential human health risk. The determined mean values of 314 Pt, 510 Pd, and 23 Rh (all in μg/kg) in dust samples are much lower than the 2070 μg/kg Pt and 1985 μg/kg Pd contents in gully pots in the Katechaki peripheral highway and higher than the mean values of 230 Pt, 300 Pd, and 13 Rh (all in μg/kg) in the soil samples. With the exception of two samples from gully pots, from 51% to 70% of the samples (for the Pd and Pt, respectively) fall in the range from 100 to 400 μg/kg. The calculated accumulation factors showed means of 3.88 μg/kg Pd and 2.95 μg/kg Pt for plants and tree leaves, but any significant difference (t-test) is lacking, and they are much lower than those reported for roots of plants (literature data). Although the Pt, Pd, and Rh bioaccumulation factors for shoots of plants/crops are relatively low, the increasing number of cars with catalytic converters in Greece and the relatively high bioaccumulation in the food chain may highlight a potential risk for human health and ecosystems, and the need for special attention on their bioaccumulation and bioaccessibility on a global scale.

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Section: Geochemical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Geochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Geochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cycling of Pt, Pd, and Rh Derived from Catalytic Converters: Potential Pathways and Biogeochemical Processes

Eliopoulos

Sfendoni

et al. 2022

Minerals

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Platinum determination by membrane complexation and energy dispersive x‐ray fluorescence analysis—A preliminary study

Vlamaki,

Kallithrakas‐Kontos,

Queralt

et al. 2023

X-Ray Spectrometry

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Platinum belongs to the technological metal group of platinum group metals, but it is finding more and more applications these days, especially in automotive catalytic converters and medicine. At the same time, the existing data on its potential toxicity both to humans and to the environment are currently rather limited, and there is also a need to increase the alternative possibilities of its chemical analysis. In this work, an attempt is made for the first time to determine platinum in aqueous samples with energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) at low concentrations. For this reason, selective complexing membranes were used that were produced in the context of the present research, after first testing many possible complexing agents. These membranes were fixed on the surface of thin films, immersed in the aqueous samples containing platinum at low concentrations, and after a certain period was collected and analyzed by EDXRF. In addition, other relevant factors such as the distribution of platinum on the membrane surface, the aging of the membrane, the effect of adding salts of various concentrations to the analyzed solution on the improvement of the achieved x‐ray yields, the pH, the optimal solution volume and the necessary equilibration time were also investigated. By optimizing all relevant factors, a minimum detection limit of 4 μg/L was achieved.

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