Plating Isolation of Various Catalase-Negative Microorganisms from Soil1

Labeda, D. P.; Hunt, Christina M.; Casida, L. E.

doi:10.1128/aem.27.2.432-434.1974

“…It produces a branched mycelium that ultimately fragments into coccoid and diphtheroid forms. Special techniques are required for its isolation from soil (2,7,12), and there are no methods available for enumerating it from soil. Nevertheless, the A. ramosus numbers in soil are greater than the total numbers for all soil bacteria that are countable or isolatable by the usual bacteriological t Paper no.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Agromyces ramosus with Other Bacteria in Soil

Le

¹

1983

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Agromyces ramosus occurs in very high numbers in most soils and, based on studies of laboratory isolates, does not require host cells for growth. Nevertheless, it attacked and destroyed most of the gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species tested as possible host organisms. A. ramosus also attacked and destroyed Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The possibility of attack on fungi was unclear. Among the bacteria serving as hosts were the important soil species Azotobacter vinelandii, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Rhizobium meliloti , and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Dead cells were not attacked. A. vinelandii cysts were attacked but left unharmed. To some extent, A. vinelandii seemed to survive this attack by encysting. Attack by A. ramosus occurred in natural soil and over a broad range of nutritional levels in laboratory media. The attack did not seem to be a means for obtaining an increased supply of commonly available nutrients. Instead, it seemed to be a means of obtaining something produced, perhaps in small amounts, by a variety of organisms, but not by all organisms. Several types of culture filtrates were tested for activity. The filtrates neither stimulated nor inhibited the growth of A. ramosus or the host organisms. The availability of catalase activity in host organisms did not seem to be involved. It is not known whether the attack by Agromyces ramosus in soil can be manipulated to cause a decrease in numbers of Agrobacterium tumefaciens or other pathogens without simultaneously depressing the numbers of beneficial organisms in this habitat.

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Agromyces

Акимов¹,

Evtushenko²

2015

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Ag.ro.my'ces. Gr. n. agros field or soil; N.L. masc. n. myces (from Gr. masc. n. mukes ‐etis ) fungus; N.L. masc. n. Agromyces soil fungus. Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Micrococcales / Microbacteriaceae / Agromyces Young cultures produce thin ( mostly 0 . 2–0 . 6 μ m in diameter ) branched vegetative hyphae, short branching filaments or irregular rods that subsequently break up into diphtheroid, rod‐like to coccoid fragments . Scant aerial hyphae may occur on rare occasions. Nonmotile. Nonsporeforming. Gram‐stain‐positive type of cell wall. Non‐acid‐fast. Lysozyme sensitive. Colonies on nutrient agar medium are generally yellow or white , circular, 1–2 mm in diameter, opaque, often penetrating into the agar. Chemo‐organotrophs , having a respiratory type of metabolism. Aerobic to microaerophilic . Catalase and oxidase test reactions intensities vary among species. Most strains grow well on standard laboratory media at near neutral pH. Some species are nutritionally exacting. Use a wide range of organic compounds as sole sources of carbon for growth and energy. Mesophilic; optimal growth at ~24–30°C; growth range ~7–40°C. DNA G + C content ( mol %): 65–73. Type species : Agromyces ramosus Gledhill and Casida 1969a, 346 VP .

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A gromyces

Evtushenko¹,

Ariskina²,

Prisyazhnaya³

et al. 2017

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Ag.ro.my'ces. Gr. n. agros field or soil; N.L. masc. n. myces (from Gr. masc. n. mykes ‐etis ) fungus; N.L. masc. n. Agromyces soil fungus. Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Micrococcales / Microbacteriaceae / Agromyces Young cultures usually produce thin ( mostly 0.3–0 . 6 μ m in diameter ) branched vegetative hyphae, short branching filaments, and occasionally form irregular rods that subsequently break up into diphtheroid, rod like to coccoid elements . Scant aerial hyphae occur on rare occasions. Nonmotile. Nonsporeforming. Gram‐stain‐positive type of cell wall. Non‐acid fast. Lysozyme sensitive. Colonies are generally yellow or white , circular, 1–2 mm in diameter, opaque, often penetrating into the agar. Chemo‐organotrophs , having a respiratory type of metabolism. Aerobic to microaerophilic . Catalase and oxidase test reactions intensities vary among species. Most strains grow well on standard laboratory media and use a wide range of organic compounds as sole sources of carbon for growth and energy. Some species are nutritionally exacting. Mesophilic; optimal growth at ∼24–30°C; growth range ∼7–40°C, some species show weak growth at 1–5°C. Grow optimally at near neutral or slightly alkaline pH, some can grow at initial pH values up to pH 12. Generally nonhalophilic, some species prefer low salt concentrations. The cell‐wall peptidoglycan is a group B type, based on 2,4‐diaminobutyric acid ( l ‐isomer predominating). Menaquinones are the sole respiratory quinones; the predominant component is typically an unsaturated menaquinone with 12 isoprene units ( MK‐12 ); the next most common components are MK‐11 and MK‐13. Major cellular fatty acids are C 15:0 anteiso, C 17:0 anteiso, and C 16:0 iso Mycolic acids are absent. Principal polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and characteristic glycolipids. The usual natural habitat is soil; occur in other diverse terristrial and aquatic environments and in microbial assemblages associated with plants, animals, and humans. Isolation from unequivocally pathological materials is uncommon; a single case of bacteremia associated with Agromyces mediolanus is reported. DNA G + C content ( mol% ): 65 ( T m )–73 (HPLC). Type species : Agromyces ramosus Gledhill and Casida 1969, 346 AL .

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Plating Isolation of Various Catalase-Negative Microorganisms from Soil1

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Interaction of Agromyces ramosus with Other Bacteria in Soil

Interaction of Agromyces ramosus with Other Bacteria in Soil

Agromyces

A gromyces

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