Platelets protect lung from injury induced by systemic inflammatory response

Abstract

Systemic inflammatory responses can severely injure lungs, prompting efforts to explore how to attenuate such injury. Here we explored whether platelets can help attenuate lung injury in mice resulting from extracorporeal circulation (ECC)-induced systemic inflammatory responses. Mice were subjected to ECC for 30 min, then treated with phosphate-buffered saline, platelets, the GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor Tirofiban, or the combination of platelets and Tirofiban. Blood and lung tissues were harvested 60 min later, and lung injury and inflammatory status were assessed. As expected, ECC caused systemic inflammation and pulmonary dysfunction, and platelet transfusion resulted in significantly milder lung injury and higher lung function. It also led to greater numbers of circulating platelet-leukocyte aggregates and greater platelet accumulation in the lung. Platelet transfusion was associated with higher production of transforming growth factor-β and as well as lower levels of tumour necrosis factor-α and neutrophil elastase in plasma and lung. None of these platelet effects was observed in the presence of Tirofiban. Our results suggest that, at least under certain conditions, platelets can protect lung from injury induced by systemic inflammatory responses.

Platelet CLEC-2 protects against lung injury via effects of its ligand podoplanin on inflammatory alveolar macrophages in the mouse

“…However, meta-analysis of clinical studies using aspirin in the management of ARDS concluded that data are insufficient to justify the use of aspirin as yet ( 44 ). Interestingly, an injurious role for platelet CLEC-2 during a mouse model of deep vein thrombosis was recently reported ( 46 ), with platelet transfusion shown to be protective in mice that were first subjected to extracorporeal circulation ( 34 ) or during mouse models of sepsis ( 57 ). Together with the data we present here that suggests platelet transfusion before IT-LPS has a detrimental effect, these data emphasize the possible model-dependent and/or receptor-dependent effects of platelets during inflammation.…”

Goal-directed fluid restriction using stroke volume variation and cardiac index during one-lung ventilation: a randomized controlled trial

“…The inflammatory response is demonstrated to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of lung injury during OLV (34). However, in this study, we found that patients prescribing to an SVV-guided fluid regimen did not experience a reduction in both pro-and anti-inflammatory response, thereby demonstrating that GDFR protocol is not valuable in adjusting the local or systemic inflammation during OLV, which were somewhat similar to those of Funk et al (35) and Fitzgerald et al (36).…”

Protective effect of platelets transfusion during extracorporeal circulation

“…ECC would causes systemic inflammation and pulmonary dysfunction, and platelet transfusion resulted in significantly milder lung injury and higher lung function. Platelet transfusion was associated with higher production of transforming growth factor-β and as well as lower levels of tumour necrosis factor-α and neutrophil elastase in plasma and lung [39].…”